積極的財(cái)政政策要加力增效。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字1. 62 萬(wàn)億元，比去年增加2700億元，赤字率從去年的 2.1%提高到2.3%。
Our proactive fiscal policy must sustain the momentum of economic growth and increase economic returns. The government budget deficit for 2015 is projected to be 1.62 trillion yuan, an increase of 270 billion yuan over last year, which means that the deficit to GDP ratio will rise from last year’s 2.1% to 2.3%.

“增效”，因?yàn)檫@里講的是經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)，可以理解為經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，也是有很多不同的譯法，例如：

① 講究經(jīng)濟(jì)效益 take into consideration the economic benefits;
② 以最少的消耗取得最大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益
obtain the maximum economic results at minimum costs;
③ 經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益
economic returns and social benefits

比去年增加2700億元，這類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)前面遇到過(guò)很多次了，基本上都是毫無(wú)懸念的 an increase of 之類(lèi)的譯法。

which means that，也是一個(gè)梳理句子關(guān)系的處理方式，好處就是顯得邏輯清晰，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，避免再另起一句。和前面的 This means that 類(lèi)似。

赤字率 the deficit to GDP ratio （赤字/GDP）

除了譯文的這種表達(dá)，有時(shí)也不用對(duì)應(yīng)名詞，而是揉到句子里翻譯，也說(shuō)明對(duì)于看上去可能不好譯的詞，用句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)體現(xiàn)也是個(gè)辦法。比如：

赤字規(guī)模比上年預(yù)算減少1500億元，赤字率下降到 2%左右。
This deficit is 150 billion yuan less than budgeted last year, and the deficit will decrease to around 2% of GDP.

其中，中央財(cái)政赤字1. 12 萬(wàn)億元，增加 1700 億元；地方財(cái)政赤字 5000 億元，增加 1000 億元。
Of this amount, the central government deficit will account for 1.12 trillion yuan, an increase of 170 billion yuan, and local government deficit will account for 500 billion yuan, an increase of 100 billion yuan.

中央財(cái)政赤字 the central government deficit
中央，有時(shí)候是黨中央，有時(shí)候是中央政府，需要分清楚。

“是”多少，之前有 report，register，stand at，reach，現(xiàn)在又有了新的譯法 account for （共計(jì)，達(dá)）

增加 1700 億元，再次出現(xiàn) an increase of

處理好債務(wù)管理與穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的關(guān)系，創(chuàng)新和完善地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制。
We need to find the right balance between managing debt and maintaining steady growth. We will develop and improve mechanisms for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance.

創(chuàng)新和完善地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制，需要提取主干 “創(chuàng)新和完善XX機(jī)制”，英譯時(shí)就成了 “創(chuàng)新和完善機(jī)制 to XX”，此類(lèi)結(jié)構(gòu)較為常見(jiàn)。

處理好·····的關(guān)系： find/get the right balance between
債務(wù)管理 managing debt
穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng) maintaining steady growth
舉債 bond issuance
舉債融資 secure financing through bond issuance （理解邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)）

適當(dāng)發(fā)行專(zhuān)項(xiàng)債券。保障符合條件的在建項(xiàng)目后續(xù)融資，防范和化解風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。
We will allow local governments to issue an appropriate amount of special bonds, ensure continued financing for eligible projects already under construction, and guard against and defuse risks and latent dangers.

適當(dāng)發(fā)行專(zhuān)項(xiàng)債券，譯文給這句補(bǔ)充了主語(yǔ)“地方政府”。翻譯并不是單純的語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)換，更重要的是還原、闡述信息，翻譯完讀者不能看不懂，看不懂就可能會(huì)投訴譯者翻得不好。所以既要轉(zhuǎn)換，又要解釋。

適當(dāng)發(fā)行 issue an appropriate amount of （轉(zhuǎn)移修飾中心 adv→adj）
專(zhuān)項(xiàng)債券 special bonds
專(zhuān)項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目 items receiving special transfer payments
符合條件的 eligible
防范和化解 guard against and defuse
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患 risks and latent dangers / hidden risks
后續(xù)融資 continued financing

優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，大力盤(pán)活存量資金，提高使用效率。
We will improve the mix of budgetary spending, redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use, and strengthen the effectiveness of government spending.

優(yōu)化 optimize/ improve/ upgrade （每個(gè)中文詞都有很多對(duì)應(yīng)）
結(jié)構(gòu) mix
大力（全文11次）： redouble our efforts / channeled great energy
財(cái)政支出 budgetary spending / financial expenditure /spending
盤(pán)活存量資金 put government funds on hand into use (前面有類(lèi)似的表達(dá)，這里譯得更好)

繼續(xù)實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅和普遍性降費(fèi)，進(jìn)一步減輕企業(yè)特別是小微企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。
We will continue to make structural tax reductions and cut fees across the board so as to further lighten the burden on enterprises, particularly small and micro businesses.

so as to，增譯的邏輯鏈接成分。

“特別是”，這種地方經(jīng)常用插入語(yǔ)單獨(dú)列出來(lái)，常常在后面。

例如：支持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工特別是主產(chǎn)區(qū)糧食就地轉(zhuǎn)化
We will offer support for agricultural products to be processed locally, particularly for grain processing in major grain-growing areas

結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅 structural tax reductions
普遍性降費(fèi) cut fees across the board

穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要松緊適度。廣義貨幣M2預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)12%左右，在實(shí)際執(zhí)行中，根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需要，也可以略高些。
We will pursue prudent and balanced monetary policy. The M2 money supply is forecasted to grow by around 12% in 2015, but the actual supply may be slightly higher than this projection depending on the needs of economic development.

廣義貨幣 Broad money （M2 ）
廣義貨幣供應(yīng)量 The M2 money supply
經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需要 the needs of economic development
?