雅思聽力考試中,聽力填空題型分布范圍非常的廣,每一個(gè)部分中都有,難度變化也非常的大,從簡(jiǎn)單的到難的都有。而且最重要的是,此題型是近年聽力考試重頭戲,戲份占到70% -100%,所以要考好聽力項(xiàng),在填空題型中必須有穩(wěn)定的發(fā)揮。今天我們就為大家整理了雅思聽力填空題技巧解析,希望能夠給大家?guī)?lái)幫助。

  1、它不同與一般的Blank Filling-錄音與題目文字匹配度高,信息易于捕捉。

  例1:Both poles of our planet are covered with _____________.

  錄音:Both poles of our planet are covered with ice.

  雅思的Completion存在著明顯的信息轉(zhuǎn)換-文字不匹配,但含義一致。

  例2:At the final dinner, players receive _____________.

  錄音:The last week of the season, we usually have a dinner and presentation of prizes to the players.

  它不是Literal Blank(文字空缺),而是Meaning Blank(含義空缺).

  錄音與題目有文字匹配的部分如dinner,但更有不匹配的部分如receive-presentation, 需要通過(guò)同意轉(zhuǎn)換進(jìn)行聽力理解,來(lái)捕獲空缺信息,即答案。

  小結(jié):

  填空題型的關(guān)鍵在于Matching(匹配):通過(guò)錄音與題目的匹配,找到含義上的空缺。

  2. 針對(duì)方案——關(guān)鍵詞

  要做好錄音與題目之間的匹配,最重要的是要找到Match Points(匹配支點(diǎn)),在這一步上,關(guān)鍵詞的使用是核心技術(shù)。

  1) 常用關(guān)鍵詞

  名詞最好用:名詞可變性小,錄音與題目文字匹配度高,經(jīng)常不需同意轉(zhuǎn)換就可以進(jìn)行匹配,如:water, fuel, carbon dioxide等等;

  動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞不容忽視:在缺乏名詞的情況下,這三類關(guān)鍵詞即是匹配的支點(diǎn),但要注意內(nèi)容的同意轉(zhuǎn)換,如:important-crucial, dangerous-risky, submit-hand in等等。

  更為重要的一點(diǎn):填空題題目中緊鄰填空前的關(guān)鍵詞經(jīng)常是動(dòng)詞和形容詞,這些關(guān)鍵詞絕大多數(shù)情況下要進(jìn)行同意轉(zhuǎn)換,這就是對(duì)聽者的一個(gè)重要提示,

  聽者可以以這些關(guān)鍵詞作為缺失信息出現(xiàn)的判斷依據(jù)。

  例3:Cambridge 4 Test 2 Section 4 Question 37

  Economic costs

  May appear unimportant to ……

  讀題:劃名詞economic costs,劃填空前的形容詞unimportant-非常容易同意轉(zhuǎn)換

  錄音:Let’s look at the economic costs first…… small amounts like this may seem insignificant for individual customers……

  解析:economic costs在錄音與題目中完全匹配,可以幫助較早的定位到題目;

  而unimportant在錄音中轉(zhuǎn)換為insignificant, 聽者在同意轉(zhuǎn)換之后就可以馬上得到缺失內(nèi)容:individual customers.

  例4:Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 2 Question 14

  Information about pay.

  Will give out the …… form.

  讀題:劃名詞pay, 劃填空前的動(dòng)詞give out-非常容易同意轉(zhuǎn)換

  錄音:Anne works in the accounts department and looks after all temporary staff, so she is the person to see if you have any problems regarding pay. Anne will be explaining when and how you get it. She will also be handing out your tax forms.

  解析:pay出現(xiàn)完全匹配,幫助定位題目;

  聽者在把聽到的hand out轉(zhuǎn)換為give out之后,就可以得到缺失內(nèi)容:tax..

  所以,根據(jù)這一普遍現(xiàn)象:填空前緊鄰的動(dòng)詞和形容詞經(jīng)常進(jìn)行同意轉(zhuǎn)換;可以得出,這些在特定位置存在的動(dòng)詞和形容詞是答案出現(xiàn)的先行信號(hào)詞;因此,在讀題時(shí)要盡量尋找這些匹配支點(diǎn),在聽題時(shí)要做好同意轉(zhuǎn)換的準(zhǔn)備。

  2)特殊關(guān)鍵詞

  在常用關(guān)鍵詞中,有兩種關(guān)鍵詞特別值得注意,他們分別是:

  形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí):這類關(guān)鍵詞的特點(diǎn)在于辨析度高,特有語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)(-er, -est, more, most)使得他們?cè)谕廪D(zhuǎn)換之后,還是非常容易辨認(rèn)。

  例5:Cambridge 5 Test 1 Section 4 Question 32

  However, women are more prepared to …… about them.

  讀題:劃名詞women,劃比較級(jí)more prepared

  錄音:A women, having fewer pretensions, is far more willing to learn.

  解析:名詞women完全匹配;形容詞比較級(jí)more prepared轉(zhuǎn)換為more willing, 由于有more的存在,使得轉(zhuǎn)換容易辨認(rèn),匹配難度降低。

  量詞結(jié)構(gòu):量詞在語(yǔ)法上類似于形容詞,但篇幅比形容詞更長(zhǎng);由于篇幅長(zhǎng)的信息在聽力中相對(duì)更容易捕捉,所以為了保持難度,題目中所有緊鄰填空前的量詞在錄音中都會(huì)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換,因此:填空前量詞必轉(zhuǎn)換。

  例6:Cambridge 5 Test 1 Section 4 Question 40

  When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in ……

  讀題:劃名詞stocks and shares,劃填空前量詞a high proportion of

  錄音:Many women are unwilling to invest in stocks and shares… It is usually suggested that at least 70% of a person’s saving should be in low-risk investment.

  解析:名詞stocks and shares完全匹配,幫助定位;

  量詞a high proportion of轉(zhuǎn)換為篇幅更短的70%, 經(jīng)過(guò)同意轉(zhuǎn)換得到答案:low-risk investment.

  3)關(guān)鍵詞使用特殊情況

  由以上可知,有助于匹配的關(guān)鍵詞多處于填空之前,這也是考試的常見情況。但在少數(shù)情況下,關(guān)鍵詞會(huì)處于填空之后,填空之前缺少或者沒(méi)有關(guān)鍵詞:

  例7:Cambridge 5 Test 2 Section 4 Question 33

  International teams work together.

  …… is integrated with technical support.

  讀題:有助于匹配的關(guān)鍵詞全部處于填空之后:integrated, technical support

  對(duì)于這種情況,一方面可以利用短期記憶,在匹配到integrate和technical support之后再回顧答案。另一方面可以利用前面一行的內(nèi)容,提前定位錄音,做好匹配準(zhǔn)備。

  再讀題:劃前行的international, together, 劃匹配關(guān)鍵詞technical support和integrate.

  同時(shí),要加強(qiáng)對(duì)錄音的預(yù)判,使聽力更加主動(dòng)。

  錄音:Research… has involved scientists from many countries, who work together on research station. Here science and technical support have been integrated…

  解析:”scientists from many countries, who work together”是前行的內(nèi)容,幫助提前定位;隨后加強(qiáng)主動(dòng)性,聽到science即預(yù)判可能為答案;在聽到”technical support have been integrated”之后,確認(rèn)science為正確答案。

  試分析

  例8:Cambridge 4 Test 1 Section 4 Question 39

  Trees have a small effect on traffic noise

  …… frequency noise passes through trees.

  小結(jié):

  填空題聽題基本步驟:Match-Find(匹配-捕獲)

  匹配的支點(diǎn)在于各種關(guān)鍵詞的劃取;捕獲的前提是要做好關(guān)鍵詞的同意轉(zhuǎn)換,但在填空前缺少關(guān)鍵詞的情況下要加強(qiáng)對(duì)答案的預(yù)判。

  預(yù)測(cè)

  在匹配的同時(shí),為了使聽力更加主動(dòng),可以進(jìn)行Prediction(預(yù)測(cè))。

  預(yù)測(cè)是利用生活常識(shí),學(xué)科常識(shí),語(yǔ)法常識(shí),和更重要的-對(duì)各場(chǎng)景的熟悉,對(duì)答案進(jìn)行事先判斷,它主要分為兩種形式:

  精確預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)到具體答案或者答案類型;

  范圍預(yù)測(cè),預(yù)測(cè)到答案大致范圍或者答案詞性范圍。

  1) 精確預(yù)測(cè)

  可以預(yù)測(cè)到具體答案,或者至少是答案類型。

  例9:Cambridge 5 Test 4 Section 1 Question 1, 2, 9 & 10

  預(yù)測(cè):根據(jù)題目?jī)?nèi)容結(jié)合Section 1中Renting場(chǎng)景??夹畔?包括:地址,房租,日期,聯(lián)系方式,時(shí)間,設(shè)施,租房者英語(yǔ)水平。。。),預(yù)測(cè)四題的答案類型分別為地址,聯(lián)系時(shí)間,房租價(jià)格和入住日期,在聽題時(shí)可以更有針對(duì)性。

  例10:Cambridge 4 Test 3 Section 1 Question 8, 9 & 10

  預(yù)測(cè):根據(jù)題目?jī)?nèi)容結(jié)合Renting中考到payment經(jīng)常涉及的項(xiàng)目(包括:應(yīng)付款項(xiàng),付款方式,付款期限),預(yù)測(cè)Question 8答案范圍為rent, deposit & bill三選一;Question 9 weekly, monthly, quarterly & annually四選一;Question 10 electricity, water, gas & telephone四選一,在聽題時(shí)縮小答案范圍。

  例11:Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 3 Question 25

  Current issues of periodicals are available at both libraries, although …… issues are only available at Fordham.

  預(yù)測(cè):根據(jù)圖書館場(chǎng)景中Journal/Periodical的常見類型(current issue and back issue),結(jié)合題目中已經(jīng)提到current issue兩個(gè)圖書館都有,則僅在F圖書館才有的期刊類型應(yīng)該為back issue, 預(yù)測(cè)答案為back, 在聽題時(shí)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。

  錄音:Student: You haven’t mentioned periodicals. Are they held at both sites?

  Librarian: Current issues, yes but if you wan to look at back issues you’ll need to use the CD-ROM databases which are held here at Fordham.

  小結(jié):

  精確預(yù)測(cè),非常依賴于聽者對(duì)場(chǎng)景內(nèi)容的熟悉,所以說(shuō)場(chǎng)景是預(yù)測(cè)的基礎(chǔ);另外適用精確預(yù)測(cè)的題目對(duì)關(guān)鍵詞的依賴并不大。

  但是這種類型的題目在考試中出現(xiàn)頻率不高,主要集中于Section 1,在其他部分只是偶爾出現(xiàn);而更為常見的是需要與關(guān)鍵詞結(jié)合使用的第二種類型:范圍預(yù)測(cè)。

  2) 范圍預(yù)測(cè)

  可以預(yù)測(cè)到答案大致范圍或詞性范圍,由于預(yù)測(cè)范圍不可能縮的很小,所以要與關(guān)鍵詞配合使用。

  例12:Cambridge 5 Test 1 Section 2 Question 15

  Choice Cots, Good points: Easy to ……

  讀題:劃名詞Choice Cots, 形容詞easy-準(zhǔn)備好同意轉(zhuǎn)換

  預(yù)測(cè):根據(jù)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)詞性為動(dòng)詞

  錄音:The next cot was by Choice Cots and this time our testers were pleased to find a cot which is simple to put together, unlike others we looked at.

  解析:Choice Cots完全匹配,用以定位;easy to轉(zhuǎn)換為simple to, 再針對(duì)性的去找一verb., 得到答案為動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)put together.

  例13:Cambridge 4 Test 1 Section 2 Question 11

  Riverside Village was a good place to start an industry because it had water, raw materials and fuels such as …… and ……

  讀題:劃名詞Riverside Village, water, raw materials, fuels-都是不易轉(zhuǎn)換的

  預(yù)測(cè):根據(jù)題目?jī)?nèi)容,預(yù)測(cè)答案為燃料種類

  錄音:Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village…. The water and the availability of raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.

  解析:通過(guò)完全匹配的名詞Riverside Village, water, raw materials & fuels來(lái)逐步定位,有針對(duì)性的聽取答案為兩種燃料:coal & firewood.

  例14:Cambridge 5 Test 2 Section 3 Question 25 & 26

  Operating video camera.

  Working with other people:

  --learning about

  ……

  --compromising

  --……people who have different views

  讀題:劃名詞video camera, 劃動(dòng)詞working together, compromising

  預(yù)測(cè):本題屬并列結(jié)構(gòu),雅思的并列結(jié)構(gòu)中答案與題目形式趨同,因此預(yù)測(cè)25 & 26為動(dòng)名詞-v+ing。

  錄音:Firstly, learned how to use a camera. And also I think I really learned a lot about working together with other people. I’ve never done anything with a group before, and we had to find ways of cooperating and compromising, and sometimes persuading people.

  解析:通過(guò)完全匹配的關(guān)鍵詞camera & working together逐步定位,隨后針對(duì)性的聽取動(dòng)名詞cooperating & persuading.

  例15:Cambridge 5 Test 2 Section 4 Question 38

  Measuring changes in the ice-cap (because of effects on sea levels and ……)

  讀題:劃名詞ice-cap & sea levels

  預(yù)測(cè):本題屬對(duì)稱結(jié)構(gòu),and前后不但詞性相同往往內(nèi)容形式也相同,因此預(yù)測(cè)答案很可能為環(huán)境方面的一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)名詞

  錄音:Within this general field, surveying changes in the volume and stability of the ice-cap is vital, these may have profound effects on world sea levels and ocean currents.

  解析:通過(guò)完全匹配的ice-cap & sea levels來(lái)逐步定位,隨后聽取環(huán)境詞匯ocean currents.

  小結(jié):

  調(diào)整聽力步驟為:Match-Find with Prediction (匹配-依據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)的捕獲)

  Gap Filling

  題型介紹:

  You are asked to fill in the blank with limited words according to what you have heard

  這也就是填空題,填空題也是常考的一類題型。

  做題步驟與技巧:

  1. 讀題:

  1)讀懂題目要求,明確限定的字?jǐn)?shù)

  2)如果有標(biāo)題的話,先讀標(biāo)題,了解整個(gè)一篇題目是在講什么主題

  2. 猜題:

  1)劃分句子中的主,謂,賓,也就是句子的KEY WORD,讀懂句子的意思,明確所要填的成分和大致內(nèi)容。

  2)讀空格前后的詞和短語(yǔ),確定所要填的詞性,如,介詞后面一定是要填一個(gè)

  名詞或名詞詞組,進(jìn)一步縮小范圍。

  3. 聽題:聽到KEYWORD,就要開始注意文章以下的信息了

  4. 寫題:先不要管字?jǐn)?shù),把聽到的相關(guān)內(nèi)容速記下來(lái),因?yàn)檎_答案常常以同義替代的形

  式在原文中出現(xiàn),在十分鐘的謄寫答案時(shí)間再整理

  5. 查題

  大小寫

  單復(fù)數(shù)

  貨幣符號(hào)

  時(shí)態(tài)

  拼寫

  題目要求的限制

  注意事項(xiàng):

  同義替代

  字?jǐn)?shù)的限定

  以上就是為大家整理的雅思聽力填空題技巧解析的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望能夠給大家?guī)?lái)幫助。在備考雅思聽力的時(shí)候,需要針對(duì)各個(gè)題型來(lái)進(jìn)行備考,尤其是填空題,涉及的范圍很廣,而且難度比較大,希望本篇文章的介紹可以幫助到大家。