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There’s nothing like a good steak. And our Australopithecus afarensis ancestors apparently felt the same way. Because new discoveries from Ethiopia show that what was likely the species of the famous fossil Lucy used stone tools to ____1____ meat from big mammals—about 3.4 million years ago. That’s a million years earlier than our best previous evidence for human ancestor stone tool use and meat eating. The finding appears on the cover of the journal Nature.
The research team found two fossil bones with cut and scrape marks, signs of meat carving. One bone was a piece of rib from a cow-sized mammal; the other, a leg bone fragment from a mammal the size of a goat. The bones also had percussion marks, ____2____ while Lucy’s friends smashed the bones to get at the marrow.
It looks like the ancient tool users collected stones that happened to have shapes ____3____ to butchering, the way kids select particular stones with good potential to skip on water. But ____4____ will look for evidence for any attempts at ____5____. Because after 3.4 million years, Lucy and her fellow afarensis keep surprising us.
butcher sustained conducive future expeditions shaping stones into kitchen utensils
沒有什么東西比得上一客美味的牛排。而我們的祖先——阿法爾南猿——顯然也是這樣認為的。之所以這么說，是因為根據(jù)在埃塞俄比亞的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，大約在340萬年前，一種可能和著名化石露西同種的猿人就開始使用石器工具切割大型哺乳動物的肉。與之前發(fā)現(xiàn)的最好的證據(jù)相比，此次發(fā)現(xiàn)將人類祖先使用石器和食肉的時間提前了一百萬年。這已經(jīng)在《自然》雜志上作為封面新聞刊登了出來。 研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩塊有砍刮痕跡的骨骼化石，這就是曾經(jīng)進行肉類切割的證據(jù)。其中一塊化石是塊肋骨，來自一頭牛般大的哺乳動物，另外一塊則是腿部骨頭的碎片，來自一頭山羊般大的哺乳動物。這兩塊骨頭上都有著敲擊的痕跡，這些痕跡是露西的同胞們?yōu)槿〉霉撬瓒驮夜穷^時留下來的。 古時候使用工具的猿人會收集那些形狀恰好方便用于切割的石器，正如孩子們會收集易于打水漂的石頭一樣。然而，未來的考察隊仍會尋找古人嘗試把石器打磨成炊具的證據(jù)，因為就算經(jīng)過了340萬年，露西和她的阿法爾南猿同伴們?nèi)栽诓粩嘟o我們帶來驚喜。