被動(dòng)語態(tài)的類型(2):不及物動(dòng)詞形成
由不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞形成的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
Many trees are cut down by workers.
不及物動(dòng)詞不能跟賓語,當(dāng)然就沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)了,但有的不及物動(dòng)詞,后面跟上一個(gè)介詞或副詞后(即形成所謂的動(dòng)詞短語),其作用和一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞一樣,這樣,在變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí),千萬不要把介詞或副詞去掉。
例如:
She looks after them.
(○)They are looked after by her.
(×)They are looked by her.
We laughed at him.
He was laughed at(by us).
?
動(dòng)詞短語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)
take care of(照看)→be taken care of
cut down(砍倒)→be cut down
laugh at(嘲笑)→be laughed at
look after(照料)→be looked after
?
被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞短語
以下這些短語本身即是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式,不需再加“by”。
be covered with??????????????????用……覆蓋著
be surprised at????????????????????對……感到驚奇
be known to???????????????????????出名
be interested in??????????????????對……感興趣
be made of(from)??????????用……制造的