本文選自吳應時主編的《大學英語六級閱讀真題精讀——晨讀伴侶》。本書對歷年國家大學英語六級考試（CET-6）的仔細閱讀部分進行了詳盡而精準的分析、翻譯和注釋，對四六級考生有著事半功倍的效果，對提升整體英語能力也很有幫助。

學習導讀：

焦慮是人類最耗費時間的事情，可每個人都會有或多或少的焦慮。這是人中不可忽視的本性?？突禜ow to stop worring and start living》就是一本針對焦慮而作之書，中文名很可愛，叫做《人性的優(yōu)點》，或許，戰(zhàn)勝了焦慮的本性，也就是人性最大的優(yōu)點了？

?[In a purely biological?1sense?2], fear begins with the body’s system [for reacting?3to things] {that can harm us} – {the so-called?4???fight-or-flight response?5}. “An animal (that can’t detect?6???danger) can’t stay alive,” says Joseph LeDoux. [Like animals], humans evolved??7?with an elaborate?8mechanism [for processing?9information about potential?10?threats]. At its core is a cluster?11?of neurons?12?[deep in the brain] [known as the amygdala?13].
從純粹的生物學意義而言，恐懼源自人體系統(tǒng)對可能傷害自身的事物的反應， 即所謂的戰(zhàn)斗或逃跑反應。 約瑟夫勒杜認為：“無法察覺到危險的動物無法生存 ”。像其他動物一樣，人類進化進程中也產(chǎn)生了一套精密的機制來處理相關(guān)的潛在威脅信息。這套機制的核心是大腦深層被稱為扁桃核的一簇神經(jīng)元。

注：1. biological adj. 生物學的，生物的，與生命過程相關(guān)的；常用術(shù)語 ?biological clock生物鐘，生理鐘。例：

The first few matches have now been made between so-called stolen children and their biological mothers.
最初幾場比賽現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在所謂的被偷的孩子和他們的親生母親之間進行了。

[選自：BBC: Spain's stolen babies and the families who lived a lie]

而該詞也可表示親生而非領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的血緣關(guān)系。

a child’s biological parents = natural, not adoptive parents
孩子的親生父母

2. sense n. 視覺、聽覺等，感覺，意識；理解力，判斷力；常用短語：

make sense 有意義，有道理，講得通；make sense of sth. 理解，弄懂。例：

He was a true friend, in every sense of the word.(= in every possible way)
無論從哪個角度講，他都是個真正的朋友。

These days, we need music to reignite the?sense?of wonder we felt as children.
如今，我們需要用音樂來重新激起孩童時代的好奇感。

[選自：NPR:?A Parent Weights In]

3. reacting v.（對...）作出反應，回應；此處為react的動名詞形式，常見搭配react to sth by doing。例：

Our thoughts significantly influence our reality because what we think influences how we react and respond.
我們的思想明顯影響實際行為，因為我們的思想影響我們反應和應對的方式。

[選自：FORBES: Unplug From Negative Thinking]

4. so-called adj. 所謂的。例：

These so-called cookies can log your surfing habits, allowing advertisers to tailor ads to your interests.
這些所謂的緩存可以記錄你的上網(wǎng)習慣，使得廣告主根據(jù)你的興趣為你量身定制廣告。

[選自：CNN:?5 tips for controlling your privacy online]

5. response n.（口頭的或書面的）答復，回答；響應，回應。常用短語

in response to ?對...反應。例：

Theories focusing on the role of social suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status.
把社會看作主要原因的理論則提出兒童犯罪是對提高社會經(jīng)濟地位的努力失敗的一種反應。

Isle of Wight Council said the changes were in?response?to cuts in government funding.
懷特島議會聲明，做出改變是為了響應政府對經(jīng)費的削減。

[選自：BBC:?Isle of Wight Council care cuts unlawful]

6. detect v. 察覺，發(fā)覺；偵察，探測。例：

The police detected drugs hidden in the car.
警察發(fā)覺車上藏有毒品。

So far, telescopes have been able to?detect?just over 300 planets outside our Solar System.
到目前為止，天文望遠鏡已經(jīng)能夠探測太陽系外300多顆行星。

[選自：BBC:?Galaxy has 'billions of Earths]

7. evolved v. evolve的過去分詞形式（使）進化。例：

The whale evolved from a species of land-dwelling mammal.
鯨是由一種陸生哺乳動物進化而來的。

For example product placements in movies and shows will evolve into an even larger role.
例如，電影和電視節(jié)目中的植入式廣告將具有更大的作用。

[選自：FORBES:?Most Popular]

8. elaborate ?adj.精心制作的，詳盡復雜的。文中作形容詞解。例：

The guests amassed in the kitchen to see the host cut the elaborate cake.
客人們聚在廚房里看主人切那個制作精美的蛋糕。

While the pharaohs were building pyramids, their courtiers were creating?elaborate?tombs for themselves.
當法老在建造金字塔的時候，他們的臣子都在為自己建造精致的墳墓。

[選自：BBC:?The perfect trip: Egypt]

v. 詳述，詳細制定。例：

We are elaborating our travel plan.
我們正在詳細制定我們的旅行計劃。

Sony suggested that the information may have been stolen from other companies, but did not?elaborate.
索尼公司暗示這些信息可能被其他公司竊取，但沒有詳細說明。

[選自：BBC:?Sony locks 93,000 online accounts after security breach]

9. process n. 工序，過程。例：

Producing a dictionary is a slow process.
編成一本字典是一個緩慢的過程。

The curriculum is the product of a comprehensive?process?carried out over a three-year period.
該課程是為期三年的綜合過程的產(chǎn)物。

[選自：UNESCO:?MEDIA SERVICES]

v. 加工，處理，起訴，列隊前進。例：

It may take a few weeks for your application to be processed.
審查你的申請書也許需要等幾個星期。

Orders?are?starting to?backlog?faster?than?we?can?process?them.
訂單開始形成積壓，我們來不及處理。

[選自：《21世紀大英漢詞典》]

10. potential adj. 潛在的，可能的。例：

The most perceptive of the three, she was the first to realize the potential danger of their situation.
她在他們?nèi)酥凶蠲舾?，首先意識到他們處境的潛在危險。

First, there is a need for quantitative research to examine the?potential?effects of the proposals.?
首先，定量研究有必要考察提案的潛在影響。

[選自：UNCTAD: Highlights]

n. 潛力，潛能。例：

Education decelops potential abilities.
教育能開發(fā)人的潛能。

11. cluster n. 群，簇，叢，串。例：

But he stressed that, in his view, the?cluster?of suicides was "purely coincidental".
但他強調(diào)說，在他看來，集群的自殺是“純屬巧合” 。

[選自：BBC: RELATED BBC SITES]

用法：a cluster of表示“一串，一群……”時，要注意句中主謂語的一致性。

12. neuron n. 神經(jīng)元，神經(jīng)細胞。

13. amygdala n. 扁桃核

LeDoux studies the way (animals and humans respond to threats) [to understand how we form memories of significant?1?events in our lives]. The amygdala receives input [from many parts of the brain], [including regions?2?responsible for retrieving memories]. [Using this information], the amygdala appraises?3?a situation – I think this charging dog wants to bite me – and triggers?4?a response [by radiating?5?nerve?6?signals throughout the body]. These signals produce the familiar signals (of distress?7): {trembling?8??, perspiration?9?and fast-moving feet}, ^just to name three^.
為了理解我們?nèi)绾涡纬蓪ι兄卮笫录挠洃?，勒杜斯研究了動物和人類對威脅做出反應的方式。扁桃核從大腦的多個部分接收信息——包括負責回憶的區(qū)域。扁桃核利用這些信息來評估某種情形：例如，如果我認為這條沖過來的狗想咬我，就會通過向全身發(fā)送神經(jīng)信號來激發(fā)反應。這些信號會產(chǎn)生我們所熟悉的痛苦的癥狀，這里只列出以下三種：顫抖、出汗和雙腳迅速移動。

注：1. significant adj. 重要的，有意義的，意味深長的；【派】significantly adv.值得注目地，意味深長地；insignificant adj.無關(guān)緊要的。例：

The letter's publication is?significant?because the tightly controlled newspapers closely reflect government positions.
這封信的發(fā)表意義重大，因為受嚴格控制的報紙密切地反映政府的立場。

[選自：NPR: Release Of Myanmar Political Prisoners May Be Soon]

2. region n. 地區(qū)，范圍，領(lǐng)域，地帶。例：

The region near the erupting volcano was evacuated rapidly.
火山爆發(fā)處附近已迅速撤空。

With tariff barriers coming down across the?region, businesses are moving across borders ever more rapidly.
隨著整個地區(qū)的關(guān)稅壁壘下降，企業(yè)跨越國界的速度越來越快。

[選自：CNN: Banqueting With the Bears]

3. appraise v. 評估，評價。例：

The teacher is appraising the students’ work.
老師正在評價學生的作業(yè)。

The Bureau meets annually to?appraise, select and allocate funding for media projects.
教育局每年舉行一次會議，為媒體項目評估、選擇和分配資金。

[選自：UNESCO: Communication and Information]

4. trigger v. 使發(fā)生，觸發(fā)，使運行；n. 扳機，起因

短語：trigger an armed clash 引起武裝沖突。例：

Any implanted object can?trigger?a foreign body response which looks a lot like cancer.
任何植入人體的物體都可能引發(fā)異物反應，這看起來很像癌癥。

[選自：ENGADGET: RFID implants linked to cancer in lab tests] ?

5. radiate v. 放射，散發(fā)，流露，輻射。例：

Eight roads radiate from the square.
八條大道從廣場呈輻射形伸展出去。

As Parisians settle down to sleep, trains radiate out across the continent in all directions.
當巴黎人安頓下來睡覺后，一輛輛火車朝歐洲大陸的各個方向分散駛?cè)ァ?/div>

[選自：BBC: Europe's eight best night trains]

6. nerve n. 神經(jīng)，勇氣，葉脈；（復）nerves:神經(jīng)緊張；例：

He’s got a nerve, going to work dressed like that.
他真有膽量，穿成那樣去工作。

This nerve links the retina to the part of the brain that enables them to see.
這種神經(jīng)在視網(wǎng)膜與大腦中控制視覺的中樞之間建立聯(lián)系。

[選自：BBC: NEWS | Health | Scientists 're-grow optic nerves]

7. distress n.不幸，危難，苦惱，痛苦；adj. 虧本出售的

短語：distress merchandise 虧本出售的商品；a distress sale 廉價出售。例：

Any solution will have to break the nexus between sovereign crisis and banking distress.
所有解決方案必須打破主權(quán)債務危機和銀行業(yè)困境之間的關(guān)系。

[選自：WSJ: How to Solve Europe's Banking Crisis]

8. tremble n. 顫抖；v. 發(fā)抖，憂慮，震顫。例：

He was trembling with rage.
他氣得發(fā)抖。

She goes suddenly numb and her lips start to tremble.
她突然變得麻木，并且嘴唇開始顫抖。

[選自：NEWYORKER: Indianapolis (Highway 74)]

9. perspiration n. 汗水，流汗。例：

Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
天才是靠百分之一的靈感與百分之九十九的苦汗（努力）。

It is designed to test the skin for alcohol every half hour by sampling a person's perspiration.
它的設計原理是通過每隔半小時采樣一個人的汗液來測試皮膚的酒精含量。

[選自：BBC: Lindsay Lohan violates US court alcohol ban]

This fear mechanism?1?is critical?2?to the survival of all animals, but no one can say [for sure] whether beasts other than humans know they’re afraid. That is, ^as LeDoux says^, “[if you put that system (that has consciousness?3,)] [then] you get the feeling (of fear).”
這種恐懼機制對所有動物的生存都至關(guān)重要，不過沒人能夠肯定除了人類之外，野獸是否也“知道”它們自己在害怕。也就是如勒杜所說，“如果把那套系統(tǒng)放入有意識的大腦內(nèi)，就會產(chǎn)生恐懼的感覺?！?/div>

注：1. mechanism n. 機制，原理。例：

It's not just a mechanism for noting problems, though it'll be useful for that.
盡管這套機制對指出問題有幫助，但是這不是它的根本目的

[選自：BOINGBOING: Boing Boing's new community features]。

2. critical adj. 批評的，挑剔的，決定性的，危險的。例：

The reform of enterprises are now at the critical moment.
現(xiàn)在企業(yè)的改革正處于緊要關(guān)頭。

The driver and passenger of the Corsa are both in a critical condition in hospital.
科薩事件中的司機和乘客都在醫(yī)院，病情危重。

[選自：BBC: Location map]

3. consciousness n. 意識，知覺，覺悟。例：

She’s regained consciousness, but she’s not out of woods yet.
她已恢復了知覺，但尚未脫險。

Dreams are more likely to let the more divergent feelings inside us rise to our consciousness.
夢更容易讓我們內(nèi)心更多不同的感受上升為我們的意識。

[選自：MSN: Listening to dreams can help build self-esteem]

Human, says Edward M. Hallowell, have the ability [to call up images of bad things] (that happened [in the past]) and [to anticipate?1?future events]. Combine?2these higher thought processes [with our hardwired?3?danger-detection?4?systems], and you get a near-universal?5?human phenomenon?6: {worry}.
愛德華·哈洛韋爾說，人類能回想起過去發(fā)生的不好的事情并能預測未來的事情。將這些高級的思維過程和我們天生的危險檢測系統(tǒng)相結(jié)合，就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一種近乎普遍的人類現(xiàn)象：焦慮。

注：1. anticipate v.預計。例：

We anticipate that we will meet a certain amount of resistance to our plan.
我們預料我們的計劃會遭到一些人的反對。

Policy makers didn't anticipate the market's reaction to new bank capital and liquidity rules.
政策制定者沒有預料到市場對新的銀行資本和流動性規(guī)定的反應。

[選自：WSJ: Policy Makers Must Dig Deep Into Their Tool Boxes]

2. combine v. 聯(lián)合，使結(jié)合；常用詞組：combine…with… “把……結(jié)合起來”且短語前后應該連接兩個對等的成分。例：

We can’t always combine work with pleasure.
我們并不總是能在工作中享受到樂趣。

Then there are hybrid engines that combine a solid fuel with a liquid oxidiser.
還有一種混合動力引擎，把固體燃料與液體氧化劑結(jié)合在一起。

[選自：BBC: Tech Know: The sky is not the limit]

3. hardwired adj. 電路的，天生的。例：

The discovery that rats have a hardwired navigation system could also have implications for human brain development.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)老鼠有一套天生的導航系統(tǒng)，這可能也暗示著人類大腦發(fā)展的模式。

[選自：MSN: Sense of direction seems to be innate]

4. detection n. 探測，偵查，察覺，發(fā)覺。例：

Bees have different color detection systems from humans, and can see in the UV spectrum.
蜜蜂有與人類不同的顏色檢測系統(tǒng)，它們在紫外光譜中也可以看得見。

[選自：BBC: Database shows how bees see world in UV]

5. universal adj. ①普遍的，全體的，通用的。例：

Music is the universal language.
音樂是世界通用的語言。

The world is not on track to achieve the goal of universal primary education.
世界上的國家沒有如期實現(xiàn)普及小學教育的目標。

[選自：UNESCO: MEDIA SERVICES]

②宇宙的，世界的。例：

The travel agency is planning to have a universal travel.
該旅行社正在計劃搞一次環(huán)球旅行。

【派】universalize v. 使一般化，使普遍化；universally adv. 普遍地，到處

6. phenomenon n. [pl. phenomena]現(xiàn)象，奇人，奇事。例：

Bankruptcy is a common phenomenon in an economic recession.
破產(chǎn)在經(jīng)濟蕭條期是一種常見現(xiàn)象。

The phenomenon ceased only after local residents donated money and the church was repaired.
這種現(xiàn)象等到當?shù)鼐用窬柰赍X，教堂被修復之后才停止。

[選自：CNN: LETTERS AND COMMENT]

That’s [not necessarily?1] a bad thing, says Hallowell. “[When used properly?2], worry is an incredible?3?device?4,” he says. [After all], a little healthy worrying is okay [if it leads to constructive?5?action] – [like having a doctor look at that weird?6???spot?7?on your back].
哈洛韋爾說，“焦慮未必是件壞事。如果利用得當，焦慮反而是一套極妙的裝置?！碑吘?，如果能夠引導積極的行為，略微的健康焦慮也是可以的（比如說請醫(yī)生為你檢查背上的怪斑）。

注：1. necessarily adv. 必然地，必定地，必需地；同義詞：inevitably。例：

The rich are not necessarily happy.
有錢人未必快樂。

But he would not necessarily know that the car thief might also have a stolen gun.
但他不一定會知道汽車竊賊可能也有偷來的槍。

[選自：CNN: FBI turns on new crime-fighting system]

2. properly adv. 恰當?shù)?，正確地，完全地；

短語：properly speaking=speaking properly= to speak properly。例：

That is not, properly speaking, a dictionary but a grammar book.
嚴格地說，那不是一本字典，而是一本語法書。

To prevent or even cure AIDS, he recommends eating properly and abstaining from drug use.
為了預防甚至治愈艾滋病，他建議合理飲食，拒絕吸毒。

[選自：NEWYORKER: The Denialists]

3. incredible adj. 難以置信的，驚人的。例：

That’s the most incredible coincidence I’ve heard of!
那是我聽說過的最難以置信的巧合！

These simple changes have had incredible results - but would they work in Wales?
這些簡單的改變產(chǎn)生了驚人的結(jié)果 - 但他們會在威爾士奏效嗎？

[選自：BBC: NEWS | UK | Wales | Fit Finns' healthy inspiration]

4. device n.裝置，設備，策略，設計；device有“被設計，想出來的東西”的意思。例：

He devised something by which much time could be saved, but his device did not prove practical.
他設計出一些能夠節(jié)省時間的東西，但是這些設備被證明是不實際的。

Users can even remotely lock or wipe data from a lost device to protect privacy.
用戶甚至可以遠程鎖定或擦除他們丟失的設備上的數(shù)據(jù)，以保護隱私。

[選自：ENGADGET: iOS 4.2 available today, brings the iPad into the multitasking era (update: it's live)]

5. constructive adj. 建設性的，構(gòu)造上的；

短語：constuctive criticism ?建設性的批評；

a constructive attitude 建設性的態(tài)度；

constructive philosophy 建設性的哲學；

constructive permission 建設許可。例：

By your unswerving defence of these principles you have made a constructive contribution to the evolution of a world order.
你們堅定不移地捍衛(wèi)了這些原則，這對一種國際秩序的演化和發(fā)展做出了建設性的貢獻。

To create a new, more constructive and more rational culture for our national politics.
為我們的國家政策創(chuàng)建新的，更具建設性和理性的文化。

[選自：BBC: News | UK Politics | Text of the Lib Lab deal statement]

6. weird adj. 怪異的，不可思議的，超自然的；weird guy: 怪胎；

n. 命運，符咒，語言。例：

He looks like nothing on earth in those weird clothes.
他穿著奇裝異服難看極了。

It's not that weird actually, although other people's reactions to it have been quite weird.
雖然其他人的反應相當怪異，但其實這并不是很奇怪。

[選自：BBC: Wisbech Town FC ground is new home to 'avid' fan]

7. spot n. 地點，現(xiàn)場，職位，污點，斑點，少量；adj. 現(xiàn)場的，現(xiàn)貨的；

v. 使產(chǎn)生污漬，玷污，認出；

spot表示“地點”時，前面習慣與介詞on搭配。例：

I found her standing on this spot.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)她站在這個地方。

Plans were being made to move the propane tanks to a safer spot, she said.
她說，目前正計劃將丙烷罐轉(zhuǎn)移到一個更安全的地方。

Hallowell insists?1, [though?2], that there’s a right way (to worry). “[Never] do it [alone], get the facts and [then] make a plan,” he says. Most of us have survived a recession?3, so we’re familiar?4?with the belt-tightening strategies?5?(needed to survive a slump?6).
但是哈洛韋爾堅決主張，焦慮也有法可循。“永遠不要只是焦慮，而要找出真相然后制定計劃，”他說。我們大部分人曾經(jīng)都經(jīng)歷過經(jīng)濟蕭條的時期，所以對于度過經(jīng)濟不景氣時期所需要的緊縮開支策略我們都很熟悉。

1. insist v.（~on sth.）堅持，強調(diào)，堅決主張；短語：insist on 主張；insist upon 強調(diào)。例：

I insist on your taking immediate action to put this tight.
我堅決要求你立刻才去行動把事情處理好。

Russians will no doubt insist that they are as entitled as anyone to protection against terrorism.
俄羅斯人無疑會堅持自己與其他任何人一樣，有權(quán)抵制恐怖主義。

[選自：ECONOMIST: Russia and Chechnya]

2. though conj. 雖然，盡管，然而，但是；區(qū)別although和though：though可以作副詞，指“但是”，但是although不行。例：

He said he would come, he didn’t, though.
他說他要來的，但他沒來。

Jobs don't mean everything, though: A city is more livable if a family's income goes further.
工作并不意味著一切，盡管如此：如果一個家庭的收入更多，這個城市將更宜居。

[選自：MSN: Pittsburgh tops list of most-livable cities in U.S.]

句中的though不能替換成although。

As though屬于固定搭配，這里though不能替換成although。Although要比though來的更正式，相對而言，語氣比較重，但是though的使用更普遍。Although引導的從句，常指實際發(fā)生的事情，而不是假象，設想。例：

He would not be unhappy though he should have to live alone.
就算要一個人住，他可能也不會不開心。

He was not unhappy although he had to live alone.
雖然他不得不要一個人住，卻沒有不開心。

Though和although都可以在從句中用作連詞，通常表示相同的意思，但though更普遍適應于非正式的表述中。

3. recession n.后退，不景氣。例：

There is no sign that the recession has bottomed out yet.
沒有跡象表明蕭條已經(jīng)到了極點。

Evidence suggests that the global recession has resulted in significant setbacks in the employment levels.
有證據(jù)表明，全球經(jīng)濟衰退已經(jīng)導致了就業(yè)水平的顯著退步。

[選自：NPR: Campaign China-Bashing Obscures Real Problems]

4. familiar adj. 熟悉的，不拘禮節(jié)的，熟知的；常用短語：be familiar with。例：

Are you familiar with the laws relating to trespass?
你熟悉關(guān)于侵入私人領(lǐng)地的法律嗎？

But even the most familiar American fast food joints can be surprisingly different abroad.
但是，即使是最常見的美國快餐，在國外也令人感到出奇地不同。

[選自：BBC: Travelwise: Would you like fries with that Maharaja Mac?]

n.熟人

5. strategy n.策略，戰(zhàn)略。例：

The essence of all good strategy is simplicity.
一切優(yōu)秀戰(zhàn)略的精髓是簡單。

Both elements are a key part of his strategy to reduce criminal justice costs.
這兩個要素都是他用來降低刑事司法成本的策略的重要組成部分。

[選自：BBC: Watchdogs criticise out-of-court penalties]

6. slump v. 大幅下跌，猛然癱瘓，使倒下；

n. 暴跌，低潮狀態(tài)，（土地）下沉。例：

But the shift also coincides with the global stock market slump and turbulent oil prices.
但這種轉(zhuǎn)變也恰逢全球股市暴跌和動蕩的石油價格。

[選自：BBC: More Saudi funds return home]

[Unfortunately], fews of us have much experience [dealing?1?with the threat of terrorism?2], so it’s been difficult [to get facts] (about how we could respond). That’s why Hallowell believes it was okay [for people to indulge?3?some extreme?4?worries] [last fall?5] [by asking doctors for Cipro and buying gas masks].?6
不幸的是，很少有人有過應對恐怖主義威脅的經(jīng)歷，因此關(guān)于應該如何應對恐怖威脅，我們難以得到真相。正因如此，去年秋天人們陷于一些極端的焦慮——讓醫(yī)生開抗菌藥并購買防毒面罩，哈洛韋爾認為這都是可以理解的。

注：1. deal v. 應付，分配，處理，交易，經(jīng)營；常用搭配：deal ?with。例：

I hate dealing with large impersonal companies.
我討厭與那些沒有人情味的大公司打交道。

And as long as that threat continues, we must continue to deal with it.
只要這種威脅還在繼續(xù)，我們必須繼續(xù)處理。

[選自：CNN: Rights group: Libyan rebels looted and beat civilians]

n. 協(xié)定，交易，大量；短語：a great deal 表示“很多”。

2. terrorism n. 恐怖主義，恐怖行動。例：

At that point, it falls directly in the realm and sphere of domestic terrorism.
從這個方面而言，這直接屬于國內(nèi)恐怖主義的范疇和領(lǐng)域。

[選自：MSN: Bomb suspect pleads guilty in domestic terror case]

3. indulge v. 遷就，放任。例：

In the information age, no one can afford to indulge in such careless behavior.
在信息時代，任何人都無法放任這種粗心大意的行為。

[選自：FORBES: Why Men Are Better Negotiators Than Women]

4. extreme adj. 極端的，極度的；短語：an extreme example 極端的例子；extreme temperature 極限溫度。例：

Hip and knee replacements are only being allowed when patients are in extreme pain.
只在患者極度痛苦的時候，才允許進行髖關(guān)節(jié)和膝關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)。

[選自：FORBES: The Two Approaches to Medicare Reform: Rationing vs. Individual Choice]

5. fall n. 秋天。例：

Today, most British people talk about “autumn”, but American still talk about “fall”.
今天大多數(shù)英國人說“autumn”，但是美國人仍然說“fall”。

But in many respects, it was like any other fall Saturday in Happy Valley.
從許多方面而言，它就像在歡樂谷的其他任何一個秋天的星期六。

[選自：NPR: No. 12 Penn St Falls To No. 19 Nebraska 17-14]

6. 最后這句是why引導的表語從句。