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他們一起笑、一起哭、一起奮斗，甚至可能還出席了他們婚禮的，其余的都不喜歡你。我們有研究為證。[/cn] [en]Published in online journal Public Library of Science , scientists from both Tel Aviv University and MIT have carried out various social experiments and looked into other studies

容人的性格與行為，比如，我們會(huì)說某人很苦悶，也會(huì)用尖酸、潑辣等詞來描述別人。那么，食物的味道真的可以反應(yīng)出我們是什么樣的人嗎？[/cn] [en]Scientists looked for a link between a love of sweet things and the [w]tendency[/w] to be [w]generous[/w] or generally agreeable. College students answered a series of questions about their [w]character[/w]—whether, for example, they’re [w]soft-hearted[/w] or enjoy [w=insult]insulting[/w] people. Then they rated their liking for a variety of foods, from cake and ice cream to [w=cranberry]cranberries[/w], [w]sauerkraut[/w] and [w]salsa[/w]. And it turns out that kids with a sweet tooth see themselves as sweet.[/en][cn]科學(xué)家在研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，愛吃甜食的人似乎更加慷慨大度，真誠(chéng)友善。研究者讓學(xué)生們回答一系列與性格相關(guān)的問題，比如，是否為人心腸軟？喜不喜歡挖苦別人？然后，研究者又讓學(xué)生們根據(jù)自己的喜囧研究：愛吃甜食，人更“甜”[/cn] [en]Study subjects who expressed a [w]preference[/w] for sweet over [w]spicy[/w] tastes also tended to be more [w]agreeable[/w].[/en][cn]研究好將各種食物排序，從蛋糕、冰淇淋到小紅莓、泡菜和辣椒醬。得出的結(jié)果是，愛吃甜食的孩子都把自己當(dāng)成是“小甜甜”。[/cn] [en]And maybe they are. Those that liked candy more than [w=cracker]crackers[/w]?were more likely to volunteer around campus or for additional studies. So if you’re looking to score a little milk of human kindness, try putting out a plate of cookies.[/en][cn]這種說法可能有點(diǎn)道理。愛吃糖果的孩子比愛吃咸餅干的孩子更愿意在學(xué)校里當(dāng)志愿者或參加其它活動(dòng)。如果你不想孩子成為善良慷慨的人，你就盡管拿走那盤曲奇餅干吧。?[/cn]

[en]Men spend more time getting ready than women, research shows.[/en][cn]研究顯示，男性在出門前花的打扮準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間比女性要久！[/cn] [en]On average men spend 81 minutes a day on personal [w]grooming[/w], including cleansing, toning and [w=moisturize]moisturizing[/w], shaving, styling hair and choosing clothes, the study found. [/en][cn]近日有一項(xiàng)研究顯示，男性平均每天要花81分鐘在個(gè)人形象上，包括清潔、爽膚、保濕、修面、發(fā)型和挑選衣服。[/cn] [en]Women have their beauty [w]regime[/w] down to a fine art and get hair, clothes and make-up done in just 75 minutes.[/en][cn]而女性的日常美容程序已經(jīng)成為了一門精妙的藝術(shù)：75分鐘內(nèi)搞定頭發(fā)、衣服和化妝。[/cn] [en]The research, carried out for Travelodge, found that on an average morning men spend 23 minutes in the shower, compared to 22 minutes for women. [/en][cn]英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)型連鎖酒店公司Travelodge進(jìn)行的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，男性平均每天早上花在洗澡淋浴上的時(shí)間是23分鐘，女性則只要22分鐘。[/cn] [en]Men take a minute longer - 10 minutes - on cleansing, toning and moisturising. [/en][cn]清潔、爽膚和保濕方面，男性要多花1分鐘，需要10分鐘的時(shí)間。[/cn] [en]Choosing an [w]outfit[/w] is also a time-consuming operation for men who want to look their best - taking 13 minutes compared to 10 minutes for women. [/en][cn]對(duì)于男性來說，挑選衣服也是個(gè)費(fèi)時(shí)的過程，因?yàn)樗麄兿Ｍ约菏亲詈玫臓顟B(tài)。男性要花13分鐘，女性則只要10分鐘。[/cn] [en]The study also found that the average British person does not have a [w]clue[/w] regarding the true value of their [w]toiletry[/w] bag. [/en][cn]研究同時(shí)還發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在的英國(guó)人全然不知化妝包的真正價(jià)值。[/cn] [en]When quizzed, the average adult estimated their wash bag with contents to be worth ￡52.23 when in reality the bag of essentials is worth nearly three times more at ￡156.69. [/en][cn]當(dāng)被問到化妝包里的東西大概價(jià)值多少錢時(shí)，普通成年人的估計(jì)是洗漱包加上里面的東西價(jià)值52.23英鎊，但是實(shí)際上，包里的各種用品的價(jià)值加起來是估計(jì)的三倍，156.69英鎊！[/cn] [en]A spokeswoman for Travelodge said they had seen a rise in the number of toiletry bags being left behind in their 487 hotels. [/en][cn]Travelodge的發(fā)言人表示，在Travelodge旗下的487所連鎖酒店中，被遺忘的化妝包數(shù)量在增加。[/cn] [en]In the last 12 months, hotel staff have spent hundreds of hours uniting 10,000 wash bags with their owners. [/en][cn]在過去的一年里，酒店的工作人員花研究費(fèi)了很多的時(shí)間和精力來幫這些化妝包（共計(jì)一萬個(gè)）找回主人。[/cn] [en]In one case a customer paid more than ￡100 for a [w]courier[/w] to pick up her toiletry bag, which she had left behind in a London hotel - the designer wash bag had nearly ￡1,000 worth of toiletry items. [/en][cn]有一個(gè)這樣的故事：一位客人花了100多英鎊讓導(dǎo)游去幫她拿回化妝包，她把化妝包遺落在倫敦的酒店里。這個(gè)名家設(shè)計(jì)的化妝包里有價(jià)值1000英鎊的洗漱美容用品。[/cn] 小編有話說：小編覺得這個(gè)研究雖然有點(diǎn)不靠譜，但是還是有一定道理的。男生們可以現(xiàn)身說法，說說自己每天出門前要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？真的比女朋友花的時(shí)間還久么？

而使他們的中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)更活躍。[/cn] [en]They can be [w]startled[/w] by a noise or a criticism aimed in their direction, which leads to stress and other unwanted issues.[/en][cn]朝他們所在的方向傳遞的噪音或指責(zé)會(huì)使他們受到驚嚇，而且會(huì)使他們產(chǎn)生壓力并引起其他不必要的問題。[/cn] [en]A minor insult may trigger a low level, chronic stress response which then activates a hyper body response.[/en][cn]一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的冒犯可能就會(huì)觸發(fā)輕微的慢性應(yīng)激反應(yīng)，然后引起過度激動(dòng)的身體反應(yīng)。[/cn] [en]When the sympathetic nervous system becomes chronically activated, it finds itself in a continuous fight, flight, or freeze state that triggers a series of immune changes in both the body and the brain-altering behavior, mood, and functioning.[/en][cn]當(dāng)交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)被長(zhǎng)期激活，它就會(huì)處于一種持續(xù)的戰(zhàn)斗、逃跑或凍結(jié)的狀態(tài)，而這會(huì)引起身體和改變大腦的行為、情緒以及機(jī)研究能上的一系列的免疫變化。[/cn] [en]If you are feeling vulnerable, upset or depressed there is always someone available to talk and help.[/en][cn]如果你覺得感情脆弱、心煩意亂或情緒低落，總是會(huì)有人可以跟你聊一聊并幫助你。[/cn] （翻譯：Dlacus）

[en]Half of the world’s population may soon be in need of glasses. According to a troubling recent study, scientists are predicting that by 2050, close to five billion people will be nearsighted. The study also predicts an increase in severe [w]myopia[/w], which can lead to blindness. [/en][cn]世界上一半的人在不久的將來需要佩戴眼鏡。最近，一個(gè)令人不安的研究顯示，科學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)2050年將有接近50億的人患近視。該研究還預(yù)計(jì)高度近視人數(shù)也會(huì)增加，高度近視極易導(dǎo)致失明。[/cn] [en]According to EurekAlert!, a sevenfold increase in nearsightedness is predicted from 2000 to 2050, and up to one in 10 people around the globe may eventually be at risk for blindness. Scientists aren’t sure what is causing such extreme increases in nearsightedness, though they believe environmental factors are likely the culprit.[/en][cn]據(jù)EurekAlert網(wǎng)站（美國(guó)科學(xué)促進(jìn)會(huì)主辦的全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)新聞服務(wù)）報(bào)道，從2000年到2050年，患近視人數(shù)將增長(zhǎng)7倍，世界各地的人中每十個(gè)就有一個(gè)將最終面臨失明的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。科學(xué)家們不確定是什么原因?qū)е陆暼藬?shù)劇增，但他們認(rèn)為環(huán)境因素可能是罪魁禍?zhǔn)?。[/cn] [en]Scientists are working on pinpointing the exact causes of, and possible cures for, myopia. So far, they know that light plays an important role in eye development, and that by depriving developing eyes of light, they can induce myopia in animals.[/en][cn]科學(xué)家們正致力于找出近視的確切原因以及可能的治療方法。到目前為止，他們知道光在眼睛發(fā)育過程中發(fā)揮重要作用，通過阻礙動(dòng)物眼睛發(fā)育過程中攝入的光，可以誘導(dǎo)動(dòng)物近視。[/cn] [en]Unfortunately, exposure to bright light doesn’t reverse myopia in all cases, and the technique hasn't been tested on human subjects. In general, it’s difficult for scientists to pinpoint the exact causes of human myopia, and therefore its cure, since human testing usually isn’t possible. [/en][cn]不幸的是，并非在所有情況下暴露于明亮的燈光中都能逆轉(zhuǎn)近視，且這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還沒有在人體上進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。一般情況下，科學(xué)家們很難找到人類近視的確切原因，因而很難發(fā)現(xiàn)治愈方法，而且人體試驗(yàn)通常不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)。[/cn] [en]But studies have found a general link between spending time outdoors as a kid and reduced risk of myopia. Until a cure is found, scientists are recommending more frequent trips to the optometrist for risk assessments. It may also be a good idea to reduce screen time and make enjoying the great outdoors a higher priority. [/en][cn]但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了孩童時(shí)期在戶外所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間和降低近視風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間的一般聯(lián)系。在找到治愈近視的方法之前，科學(xué)家建議人們經(jīng)常去找驗(yàn)光師做視力風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。減少對(duì)著屏幕的時(shí)間，多進(jìn)行戶外活動(dòng)也是極好的。[/cn] 聲明：本雙語文章的中文翻譯系滬江英語原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處。中文翻譯僅代表譯者個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，僅供參考。如有不妥之處，歡迎指正。

你是和眾姐妹一起長(zhǎng)大的男孩子嗎？雖然可能對(duì)約會(huì)有些好處，可研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，像你這樣熟悉了女人生活種種的男生，在其他女生眼里，卻是沒有男性魅力的。

研究

用他的研究開發(fā)出一款新產(chǎn)品 — 這款產(chǎn)品能讓顧客朋友更好地控制自己的情緒狀態(tài)。[/cn] [en]Some companies, such as Affectiva are experimenting with?[w]lie-detector[/w]?technology that measures consumers’ mood through their sweat, heartbeat, and facial expressions.[/en][cn]部分公司，例如“情緒識(shí)別公司”，它們利用測(cè)謊儀技術(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，通過出汗量、心跳與面部表情來判斷顧客的心情。[/cn] [en]But other companies are trying a different?[w]tact[/w]?entirely. On website , listeners plug in their headphones and listen to songs that activate their alpha and beta waves in order to relax, focus, meditate, nap, or sleep.[/en][cn]而另一部分公司，則采

研究

人們的大腦大小所決定的。[/cn] [en]"We found that individuals who had more friends did better on mentalising tasks and had more neural volume in the orbital frontal cortex, the part of the forebrain immediately above the eyes," said Prof Robin Dunbar, who led the study.[/en][cn]我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些朋友更多的人可以更好的完成腦力工作，前額葉皮質(zhì)部位也更大，就是正好在眼睛上方的部位。“ 研究負(fù)責(zé)人的羅賓·鄧巴教授說。[/cn] [en]"Understanding this link between an individual's brain size and the number of friends they have helps us understand the mechanisms that have led to humans developing bigger brains than other [w]primate[/w] species."[/en][cn]"明白這種大腦體積與朋友數(shù)量之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，有助我們理解使人類大腦比其他靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物進(jìn)化得更大的機(jī)制。"[/cn] [en]"The frontal lobes of the brain, in particular, have enlarged dramatically in humans over the last half million years."He added: "Of course, the amount of spare time for socialising, [w]geography[/w], personality and gender all influence friendship size, but we also know that at least some of these factors, notably gender, also correlate with mentalising skills."[/en][cn]“腦部的前額葉部分，特別是在過去的50年里有著顯著增大?！?他還補(bǔ)充道：“當(dāng)然，參與社交活動(dòng)的閑暇時(shí)間、地域、個(gè)性和性別都影響朋友數(shù)量，但我們也知道，其中有部分因素， 尤其是性別，與心智化能力相互影響。”[/cn] [en]"Our study finds there is a link between the ability to read how other people think and social network size."[/en][cn]"我們研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)看懂別人的想法和社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模之間也有一定的關(guān)系。"[/cn] [en]Tests were conducted on 40 people, with scientists taking anatomical Mr images of their brains to measure the size of their prefrontal cortex, which is used for high-level thinking. They were all volunteer postgraduate students of "broadly similar ages with potentially similar opportunities for social activities".[/en][cn]40名志愿者加研究入了研究過程，科學(xué)家借助核磁共振成像技術(shù)測(cè)量參與者前額葉皮質(zhì)部位大小，前額葉皮質(zhì)部位通常用于深層次的思考。研究中的志愿者都是研究生，年齡相仿，參與社交活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)相當(dāng)。[/cn] [en]Participants were asked to make a list of people they had social – rather than professional – contact with over a seven day period. They also took a test to determine how competent they were at 'mentalising', which is the capacity to understand what another person is thinking, a crucial aspect in how people handle the social world.[/en][cn]研究人員要求志愿者列出最近7天內(nèi)聯(lián)系的人員名單。這種聯(lián)系純屬社會(huì)交往，不包括工作層面的交流。 研究人員又測(cè)試志愿者的“心智能力”。這是一種理解他人所思所想的能力，在人們社交活動(dòng)中起著重要作用。[/cn] [en]Dr Joanne Powell, from the University of Liverpool, added: "Perhaps the most important finding of our study is that we have been able to show that the relationship between brain size and social network size is mediated by mentalising skills. What this tells us is that the size of your brain determines your social skills, and it is these that allow you have many friends."[/en][cn]利物浦大學(xué)Joanne Powell補(bǔ)充說，“也許研究中最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)就是我們已經(jīng)能夠證明大腦的大小與社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模之間的關(guān)系是由心智能力在起作用。這些也告訴我們你大腦的大小決定了你的社會(huì)技能，也就是這些決定了你能夠有多少個(gè)朋友?！盵/cn]