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自己加速到光的速度；相對于旁觀者而言，我們越是努力（因此我們走得越快），我們的模樣就越會失真。 　　幾乎同時，從事科學普及的人想要設(shè)法使廣大群眾弄懂這些概念。數(shù)學家和哲學家羅素寫的《相對論ABC》就是一次比較成功的嘗試--至少在商業(yè)上可以這么說。羅素在這本書里使用了至今已經(jīng)多次使用過的比喻。他讓讀者想像一列100米長的火車在以光速的60％行駛。對于立在站萬物簡史臺上望著它駛過的人來說，那列火車看上去會只有80余米長，車上的一切都會同樣縮小。要是我們聽得見車上的人在說話，他們的聲音聽上去會含糊不清，十分緩慢，猶如唱片放得太慢，他們的行動看上去也會變得很笨拙。連車上的鐘也會似乎只在以平常速度的4/5走動。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

面的TIPS訓練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ TIPS聽寫訓練點：單詞拼寫，時態(tài)，單復數(shù)，連讀，長難句（請邊聽邊用符號先記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語句，最后校對，不要逐字逐句聽寫）當然啦，還有很多相當?shù)氐啦诲e的表達方法可以順道一起學到! Hints: stooped scorn It also marked the start of a war between the two that became increasingly bitter, [-1-] , and often ridiculous. [---2---] Cope was caught at one point jimmying open crates that belonged

要以暗斗的形式出現(xiàn)，但到了1877年，暗斗突然變成了大規(guī)模的沖突。那年，一位名叫阿瑟?萊克斯的科羅拉多州小學老師和他的一位朋友出門徒步旅行，在莫里森附近發(fā)現(xiàn)了幾根骨頭。萊克斯認為那些骨頭屬于一條"巨蜥"；他想得很周到，把一些樣品寄給了馬什和柯普兩個人?？缕蘸芨吲d，給萊克斯寄了100美元作為報酬，吩咐他不要把他的發(fā)現(xiàn)告訴任何人，尤其不要告訴馬什。萊克斯不大明白，便請馬什把骨頭轉(zhuǎn)交給柯普。馬什這么做了，但遭到了一番他永生難忘的羞辱。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

學上的打賭。賭注不大，對方是那個時代的另外兩位杰出人物。一位是羅伯特?胡克，人們現(xiàn)在記得最清楚的興許是他描述了細胞；另一位是偉大而又威嚴的克里斯托弗?雷恩爵士，他起先其實是一位天文學家，后來還當過建筑師，雖然這一點人們現(xiàn)在往往不大記得。1683年，哈雷、胡克和雷恩在倫敦吃飯，突然間談話內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)向天體運動。據(jù)認為，行星往往傾向于以一種特殊的卵行線即以橢圓形在軌道上運行--用理查德?費曼的話來說，"一條特殊而精確的曲線"--但不知道什么原因。雷恩慷慨地提出，要是他們中間誰能找到個答案，他愿意發(fā)給他價值40先令（相當于兩個星期的工資）的獎品。 　　胡克以好大喜功聞名，盡管有的見解不一定是他自己的。他聲稱他已經(jīng)解決這個問題，但現(xiàn)在不愿意告訴大家，他的理由有趣而巧妙，說是這么做會使別人失去自己找出答案的機會。因此，他要"把答案保密一段時間，別人因此會知道怎么珍視它"。沒有跡象表明，他后來有沒有再想過這萬物簡史件事。可是，哈雷著了迷，一定要找到這個答案，還于次年前往劍橋大學，冒昧拜訪該大學的數(shù)學教授艾薩克?牛頓，希望得到他的幫助。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

已經(jīng)在他們的面前俯首稱臣。他們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了X射線、陰極射線、電子和放射現(xiàn)象，發(fā)明了計量單位歐姆、瓦特、開爾文、焦耳、安培和小小的爾格。 　　凡是能被振蕩的，能被加速的，能被干擾的，能被蒸餾的，能被化合的，能被稱質(zhì)量的，或能被變成氣體的，他們都做到了；在此過程中，他們提

面的TIPS訓練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ TIPS聽寫訓練點：單詞拼寫，時態(tài)，單復數(shù)，連讀，長難句（請邊聽邊用符號先記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語句，最后校對，不要逐字逐句聽寫） Hint: Combustion Although chemistry had come a long way in the century that separated Newton and Boyle from Scheele and Priestley and Henry Cavendish, it still had a long way to go. [-1-] the 18th century (and in Priestley’s case a little beyond) scientists everywhere searched for, and sometimes believed they had actually found, things that just weren’t there: vitiated airs, dephlogisticated marine acids, phloxes, calxes, terraqueous exhalations, and, above all, phlogiston, [---2---] Somewhere in all this, it was thought, there also resided a mysterious élan vital, the force that brought inanimate objects to life. No one knew where this ethereal [-3-] lay, but two things seemed probable: that you could [-4-] it with a jolt of electricity (a notion Mary Shelley exploited to full effect in her novel Frankenstein ) and that it existed in some substances but not others, which is why we [-5-]two branches of chemistry: organic ([-6-]) and inorganic (for those that did not). Right up to the closing years of the substance that was thought to be the active agent in combustion. essence enliven ended up with for those substances that were thought to have it 從牛頓和玻義耳，到金勒、普里斯特利和亨利?卡文迪許，中間隔著一個世紀。在這個世紀里，化學得到了長足的發(fā)展，但還有很長的路要走。直到18世紀的最后幾年（就普里斯特利而言，還要晚一點），各地的科學家們還在尋找--有時候認為真的已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)--完全不存在的東西：變質(zhì)的氣體、沒有燃素的海洋酸、福祿考、氧化鈣石灰、水陸氣味，尤其是燃素。當時，燃素被認為是燃燒的原動力。他們認為，在這一切的中間，還存在一種神秘的生命力，即能賦予無生命物體生命的力。誰也不知道這種難以捉摸的東西在哪里，但有兩點是可信的：其一，你可以用電把它激活（瑪麗?謝利在她的小說《弗蘭肯斯泰因》里充分利用了這種認識）；其二，它存在于某種物質(zhì)，而不存在于別的物質(zhì)。這就是化學最后分成兩大部分的原因：有機的（指被認為有那種東西的物質(zhì)）和無機的（指被認為沒有那種東西的物質(zhì)）。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

童鞋們，今天開始《萬物簡史》的第二部分要向我們講述探索地球大小的故事。這一部分分為幾個章節(jié)，首先為大家?guī)淼膬?nèi)容是歷史上人類測量地球地理距離的一些故事，探索路漫漫，還有很艱辛很雷人的事情發(fā)生，究竟是什么是呢，來認真聽寫揭曉答案吧~~~ ?《萬物簡史》推出部落節(jié)目版，戳這里訂閱: 書本的朗讀語音很charming的磁性英音~~~大家可以好好學著模仿哦~~~！！ 因為原著為美國人所寫,單詞采用美式拼法,不抄全文,然后聽寫單詞或詞組(用[-No-]表示)以及句子(用[---No---]表示)。請邊聽寫邊理解文意，根據(jù)上下文注意各句標號，這樣有助于提高正確率。 Hints: Quito PART II THE SIZE OF THE EARTH Nature and Nature’s laws lay hid in night; God said, Let Newton be! [---1---] -Alexander Pope 4 THE MEASURE OF THINGS IF YOU HAD to select the least convivial scientific field trip of all time, you could certainly do worse than the French Royal Academy of Sciences’ Peruvian [-2-]of 1735. Led by a hydrologist named Pierre Bouguer and a soldier-mathematician named Charles Marie de La Condamine, it was a party of scientists and adventurers who traveled to Peru [-3-] triangulating distances through the Andes. [---4---] The French party’s goal was to help settle the question of the circumference of the planet by measuring the length of one degree of meridian (or 1/360 of the distance around the planet) along a line reaching from Yarouqui, near Quito, to just beyond Cuenca in what is now Ecuador, a distance of about 200 miles. Almost at once things began to go wrong, sometimes spectacularly so. [---5---] Soon after, the expedition’s doctor was murdered in a misunderstanding over a woman. The botanist became deranged. Others died of fevers and [-6-]. The third most senior member of the party, a man named Pierre Godin, [-7-] with a 13-year-old girl and could not be [-8-] to return. And all was light. expedition with the purpose of At the time people had lately become infected with a powerful desire to understand the Earth—to determine how old it was, and how massive, where it hung in space, and how it had come to be. In Quito, the visitors somehow provoked the locals and were chased out of town by a mob armed with stones. falls ran off induced 第二部分 地球的大小 大自然和大自然的法則藏匿于黑夜之中； 上帝說，讓牛頓出世吧！于是世界一片光明。 --亞歷山大?蒲珀 第四章　事物的測定 　　要是讓你挑出有史以來最不愉快的實地科學考察，你肯定很難挑得出比1735年法國皇家科學院的秘魯遠征更加倒霉的。在一位名叫皮埃爾?布格的水文工作者和一位名叫查理?瑪麗?孔達米納的軍人數(shù)學家的率領(lǐng)下，一個由科學家和冒險家組成的小組前往秘魯，旨在用三角測量法測定穿越安第斯山脈的距離。 　　那個時候，人們感染上了一種了解地球的強烈欲望--想要確定地球有多大年齡，多少體積，懸在宇宙的哪個部分，是怎樣形成的。法國小組的任務是要沿著一條直線，從基多附近的雅羅基開始，到如今位于厄瓜多爾的昆卡過去一點，測量1度經(jīng)線（即地球圓周的三百六十分之一）的長度，全長約為320公里，從而幫助解決這顆行星的周長問題。 　　事情幾乎從一開始就出了問題，有時候還是令人瞠目的大問題。在基多，訪客們不知怎的激怒了當?shù)厝耍皇帜檬^的暴民攆萬物簡史出了城。過不多久，由于跟某個女人產(chǎn)生誤解，測量小組的一名醫(yī)生被謀殺。組里的植物學家精神錯亂。其他人或發(fā)熱死去，或墜落喪命。考察隊的第三號人物--一個名叫讓?戈丁的男人--跟一位13歲的姑娘私奔，怎么也勸不回來。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

全站錯了隊。 　　他不但是稅務總公司的一名成員，而且勁頭十足地修建過巴黎的城墻--起義的市民們對該建筑物厭惡之極，首先攻打的就是這東西。1791年，這時候已經(jīng)是國民議會中一位重要人物的馬拉利用了這一點，對拉瓦錫進行譴責，認為他早該被絞死。過不多久，馬拉在洗澡時被一名受迫害的年輕女子殺害，她的名字叫夏洛特?科黛，但這對拉瓦錫來說已經(jīng)為時太晚。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

面的TIPS訓練聽寫。這樣可以提高聽力準確度，并為訓練聽譯打下基礎(chǔ)哦~~~ TIPS聽寫訓練點：單詞拼寫，時態(tài)，單復數(shù)，連讀，長難句（請邊聽邊用符號先記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語句，最后校對，不要逐字逐句聽寫） Hints: occupant catalogue Owen had grown up in Lancaster, in the north of England, where he had trained as a doctor. He was [-1-] and so devoted to his studies that he sometimes illicitly borrowed limbs, organs, and other parts from cadavers and took them home for [-2-] dissection. Once while carrying a sack containing the head of a black African sailor that he had just removed, Owen slipped on a wet cobble and watched [-3-] as the head bounced away from him down the lane and through the open doorway of a cottage, where it came to rest in the front parlor. [---4---] One assumes that they had not formed any terribly advanced conclusions when, an instant later, a fraught-looking young man rushed in, [-5-] retrieved the head, and rushed out again. In 1825, aged just 21, Owen moved to London and soon after [-6-] the Royal College of Surgeons to help organize their extensive, [-7-], collections of medical and anatomical specimens. Most of these had been left to the institution by John Hunter, a distinguished surgeon and tireless collector of medical curiosities, [---8---] a born anatomist leisurely in horror What the occupants had to say upon finding an unattached head rolling to a halt at their feet can only be imagined. wordlessly was engaged by but disordered but had never been catalogued or organized, largely because the paperwork explaining the significance of each had gone missing soon after Hunter's death. 歐文在英格蘭北部的蘭開斯特長大，受過訓練準備當醫(yī)生。他是個天生的解剖學家，對研究工作不遺余力，有時候非法取下尸體上的四肢、器官和別的部位，拿回家里慢慢地解剖。有一回，他用麻袋搬回剛從一具非洲黑人水手的尸體上取下的頭，不慎絆著濕漉漉的石頭滑了一跤，驚慌地望著那個頭從身邊一蹦一跳地順著小巷滾去，鉆進一戶人家開著的門洞里，在前廳里停了下來。至于那戶人家的主人見到一個頭滾到自己的腳邊會說些什么，我們只能想像了。有人講，他們還來不及搞清是怎么回事，突然間一個焦急萬分的年輕人沖進來拾起那個頭，又沖了出去。 　　1825年，歐文21歲，他搬到了倫敦，不久就被英國皇家外科學院聘用，幫助清理又多又亂的醫(yī)學和解剖標本。其中，大部分是杰出的外科醫(yī)生、醫(yī)學珍品的孜孜不倦的收藏家約翰?亨特留給這個學院的，但從來沒有分過類和清理過，很大程度上因為亨特死后不久，說明每件物品的意義的文字材料丟失了。 這篇材料你能聽出多少？點擊這里做聽寫，提高外語水平>>

記下內(nèi)容，然后自己回頭組織語句，最后校對，不要逐字逐句聽寫） Hints: the Royal Society irony byline authorship Capitalizing on Mantell's enfeebled state, Owen set about [-1-] expunging Mantell's contributions from the record, renaming species that Mantell had named years before and claiming credit for their discovery for himself. [---2---] In 1852, unable to bear any more pain or persecution, Mantell [-3-]. His deformed spine was removed and sent to the Royal College of Surgeons where—[-4-] —it was placed in the care of Richard Owen, director of the college's Hunterian Museum. But the insults had not quite finished. Soon after Mantell's death an [-5-] uncharitable obituary appeared in the Literary Gazette. In it Mantell [-6-] a mediocre anatomist whose modest contributions to paleontology were limited by a “[-7-].” The obituary even removed the discovery of the iguanodon from him and credited it instead to Cuvier and Owen, among others. [---8---] systematically Mantell continued to try to do original research but Owen used his influence at the Royal Society to ensure that most of his papers were rejected. took his own life and now here's an irony for you arrestingly was characterized as want of exact knowledge Though the piece carried no byline, the style was Owen's and no one in the world of the natural sciences doubted the authorship. 歐文利用曼特爾體弱多病的狀態(tài)，著手系統(tǒng)地從檔案中勾銷他的貢獻，重新命名曼特爾多年以前已經(jīng)命名過的物種，把他發(fā)現(xiàn)這些物種的功勞占為己有。曼特爾還想搞一些創(chuàng)新的研究工作，但歐文利用自己在皇家學會的影響，確保曼特爾的大部分論文被拒絕采用。1852年，曼特爾再也無法忍受疼痛或迫害，結(jié)束了自己的生命。他那根變了形的脊椎被取出來送到皇家外科學院--這