雅思寫作和口語(yǔ)的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中涉及到了語(yǔ)法的準(zhǔn)確性，所以特別提醒廣大考生一定要注意總結(jié)自己常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，避免扣分。下文中主要為大家?guī)?lái)雅思考生常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，大家可以進(jìn)行參考學(xué)習(xí)。

　　雅思官方有關(guān)口語(yǔ)評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中談到：“口語(yǔ)練習(xí)的時(shí)候要錄音，重放錄音檢查自己的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，建議考生注意動(dòng)詞和時(shí)態(tài)的用法。如果語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤嚴(yán)重影響溝通理解的話，就可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致扣分?！?/p>

　　雅思寫作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中也談到考官將根據(jù)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤的程度酌情扣分，建議考生寫完作文之后一定要抽出時(shí)間檢查并修改錯(cuò)誤，糾正這些錯(cuò)誤將會(huì)幫助你提升成績(jī)。

　　本文將主要從詞匯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤、句式語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤等總結(jié)分析。

　　詞匯語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤

　　01、冠詞使用錯(cuò)誤

　　a.不定冠詞：a/an

　　例句：I want to eat apple.

　　應(yīng)改成：I want to eat an apple.

　　b.定冠詞：the

　　例句：I was born in the Shanghai.

　　應(yīng)改成：I was born in Shanghai.

　　一些由考生誤以為“獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前面都要加the”，不知道Shanghai，China，人名這類不由普通名詞組成的專有名詞前通常不加the。

　　注：定冠詞“the”的使用規(guī)定有很多種情形，建議考生可以專門攻克一下。

　　c.不使用冠詞

　　例句：Play the football

　　應(yīng)改成：Play football

　　類似情形有：Have lunch, Go home, By car等都不使用冠詞。

　　02、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤

　　a.有一些詞或者短語(yǔ)后面一般要加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，如“a few, few, a variety of, various, other, numerous等。

　　例句：Smoking cessation is one of the likely factor that contribute to the development of obesity.

　　應(yīng)改成：Smoking cessation is one of the likely factors that contribute to the development of obesity.

　　b.有一些詞后面一般要加可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)，如“any other, another, each, neither, either”。

　　例句：Many teenagers begin smoking habits due to peer pressure but not for any other reasons.

　　應(yīng)改成：Many teenagers begin smoking habits due to peer pressure but not for any other reason.

　　c.有一些詞或者短語(yǔ)后面一般要加不可數(shù)名詞，如“a little, little, less, much, enormous, a large amount of ”。

　　例句：Little progresses have been made towards tackling poverty.

　　應(yīng)改成：Little progress has been made towards tackling poverty.

　　03、及物動(dòng)詞的使用錯(cuò)誤

　　a.及物動(dòng)詞后一定要加名詞或者名詞性質(zhì)的成分作賓語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)的基本句型;否則就是錯(cuò)誤的。

　　例句：I will discuss in some detail.

　　應(yīng)改成：I will discuss this topic in detail.

　　b.有一些及物動(dòng)詞后面跟賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的基本句型，如“make,see,have,let”，這些詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞常用不加“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式。

　　例句：Education can let young people to find jobs easily after they finish their education.

　　應(yīng)改成：Education can let young people find jobs easily after they finish their education.

　　04、介詞的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤

　　a.介詞不是連詞，一般后面只接名詞或者具備名詞性質(zhì)的短語(yǔ)或者帶連詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。比較容易被當(dāng)做連詞的介詞有“despite,in spite of,during,because of,due to”，也不能加動(dòng)詞。

　　例句：Many children depend on their parents give support.

　　應(yīng)改成：Many children depend on their parents’ support.

　　b.“to”在某些情況下(如詞組“give rise to, contribute to, pay attention to, conform to, lead to”)作介詞，需要加名詞或者具備名詞性質(zhì)的東西充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，而不是加動(dòng)詞原形充當(dāng)不定式。

　　例句：There are many solutions to deal with the problem.

　　應(yīng)改成：There are many solutions to the problem.

　　05、連詞的使用錯(cuò)誤

　　a.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，兩個(gè)連詞不能同時(shí)用在句子中，典型的例子有：“because”和“so”, “although”和“but”。

　　例句：Although the crime rate is falling in many parts of the world, but violent crimes are constantly rampant.

　　應(yīng)改成：Although the crime rate is falling in many parts of the world, violent crimes are constantly rampant.

　　b.多于一個(gè)的名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞等出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，需要使用并列連詞“and,but”或者“or”。

　　例句：Smoking, drinking are banned in many places of work.

　　應(yīng)改成：Smoking and drinking are banned in many places of work.

　　06、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞使用錯(cuò)誤

　　有時(shí)過(guò)度重視時(shí)態(tài)，忽略了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加動(dòng)詞要原形的原則。

　　例句：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subject was I could got a betterjob after learning that

　　應(yīng)改成：I thought the reason why I chose to study that subjectwas I could get a better job after learning that.

　　07、代詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤

　　使用代詞要看所指代的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，根據(jù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)使用相應(yīng)的代詞。

　　例句：Some parents do not obey traffic rules himself.

　　應(yīng)改成：Some parents do not obey traffic rules themselves.

　　08、詞性使用錯(cuò)誤

　　修飾形容詞或者動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用副詞。

　　例句：Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers.

　　應(yīng)改成：Intelligent students should not be treated differently by their teachers.

　　句子語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤

　　01、主謂不一致

　　a.在英文中，你我、TA的動(dòng)詞形式不同。應(yīng)是：I do; you do; she does; he does; it does.

　　例句： When one have money, he can do what he want to

　　應(yīng)改為：Once one has money, he can do what he wants (to do).

　　b.動(dòng)名詞和不定式作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定是單數(shù)。

　　例句：Raising standards of literacy are the government’s priority.

　　應(yīng)改為：Raising standards of literacy is the government’s priority.

　　c.不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一定是單數(shù);如果主語(yǔ)是“…of…”的詞組，謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)需要和“of”之前的名詞保持一致。

　　例句：The adequacy of financial resources are crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organisation.

　　應(yīng)改為：The adequacy of financial resources is crucial to the operation of a not-for-profit organisation.

　　d.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后跟著“with, together with, coupled with, combined with, as well as, like”的時(shí)候，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞跟隨主語(yǔ)變化。

　　例句：Overworking, coupled with poor diet, lead to physical degeneration.

　　應(yīng)改為：Overworking, coupled with poor diet, leads to physical degeneration.

　　e.“there be”句型中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)隨著其后面的名詞改變。

　　例句：There is a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution.

　　應(yīng)改為：There are a number of countries which perform poorly in containing pollution.

　　02、句子不完整

　　完整的句子是什么?一個(gè)主語(yǔ)+一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)已經(jīng)可以構(gòu)成最簡(jiǎn)單的完整句子。缺主語(yǔ)，或缺謂語(yǔ)，不能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子。常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤情形如下：

　　a.缺謂語(yǔ)

　　例句：The society developing rapidly.

　　應(yīng)改成：The society develops rapidly.或The society is developing rapidly.

　　b.出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，一個(gè)句子有且只能有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　例句：I do, he does not.

　　應(yīng)改成：I do, but he does not.或I do. He does not.

　　c.缺表語(yǔ)

　　例句：The most popular kind of transport was by road.

　　應(yīng)改成：The most popular kind of transport was road.

　　03、忽視平行結(jié)構(gòu)

　　我們常用逗號(hào)，或連接詞如：and，not only…but also…來(lái)連接兩邊平行的一些單詞或句子。此時(shí)逗號(hào)及連接詞左右兩邊連接的內(nèi)容，需要形式平行，如名詞和名詞平行，形容詞與形容詞平行，動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞平行。

　　例如：

　　a.Expensive handmade items are creative and artistic.

　　此處，creative和artistic都是形容詞，是正確的平行結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　b.Working out and taking a rest are the best ways to maintain health.

　　此處working out和taking a rest是動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)，形式一致，是正確的平行結(jié)構(gòu)。而同學(xué)們常犯的錯(cuò)誤是：working out and take a rest…此處結(jié)構(gòu)就出現(xiàn)了錯(cuò)誤。

　　c.The media gives us information and tells us the truth.

　　此處gives,tells結(jié)構(gòu)一致，保持平行。常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤寫法：the media gives us information and telling us the truth.

　　04、雙謂語(yǔ)錯(cuò)句

　　a.There be句型屬于雙謂語(yǔ)錯(cuò)句高發(fā)句型，因?yàn)榫渲械腷e動(dòng)詞已經(jīng)是謂語(yǔ)，而句子后面的動(dòng)詞通常是定語(yǔ)從句中的成分，故不能作為主句中的謂語(yǔ)。

　　例句：There are many people agree tokeep pets at home.

　　應(yīng)改成：There are many people who agree tokeep pets at home.

　　例句：There have many wildanimals in my country

　　應(yīng)改成：There are many wild animals in my country.

　　b.整個(gè)句子做主語(yǔ)。

　　例句：Environmental pollution is becoming more serious is an undeniable fact.

　　應(yīng)改為：It is an undeniable fact that environmentalpollution is becoming more serious.

　　c.動(dòng)詞做主語(yǔ)。

　　例句：Do part-time jobs helps students to relieve their financial burden.

　　應(yīng)改成：Doing part-time jobs helps students torelieve their financial burden.

　　05、定語(yǔ)從句的使用錯(cuò)誤

　　a.定語(yǔ)從句缺乏謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

　　例句：Those who overweight or indulge in unhealthy diets are candidates for heart attacks.

　　應(yīng)改成：Those who are overweight or indulge in unhealthy diets are candidates for heart attacks.

　　b.定語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)該和先行詞的人稱保持一致。

　　例句：The elderly, who is normally incapable of looking after themselves, need time and compassion from their family.

　　應(yīng)改成：The elderly, who are normally incapable of looking after themselves, need time and compassion from their family.

　　06、主系表結(jié)構(gòu)使用錯(cuò)誤

　　例句： We are impossible to make any progress without correcting the mistakes.

　　應(yīng)改成：It is impossible for us to make any progress without correcting the mistakes.

　　07、時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤

　　時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)

　　例句：Last year，I go to Australia to take a summer program.

　　應(yīng)改成：Last year，I went to Australia to take a summer program.

　　08、不間斷句子

　　例句：There are many ways we get to know the outside world.

　　應(yīng)改為：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world.

　　其他語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤

　　01、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用錯(cuò)

　　例句： As far as I am concerned，people should take exercise and relax themselves on a weekly basis. Because it offers great opportunities to release their stress.

　　剖析：Because引導(dǎo)的句子做原因狀語(yǔ)從句，既然是從句，那么前面就不應(yīng)該使用句號(hào)使其獨(dú)立成句，而應(yīng)該改成逗號(hào)，because首字母小寫。

　　應(yīng)改成： As far as I am concerned，people should take exercise and relax themselves on a weekly basis, because it offers great opportunities to release their stress.

　　02、修飾語(yǔ)錯(cuò)位

　　同一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化。

　　例句：I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside thecampus.

　　應(yīng)改成：I believe I can do it well and I will know the world outside thecampus better.

　　03、措辭錯(cuò)誤

　　例句：The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.

　　分析：顯然，考生把obstacles“障礙”，“障礙物”誤作substance“物質(zhì)”了。另外“the increasing use(不斷增加的使用)”應(yīng)改為“abusive use(濫用)”。

　　應(yīng)改為：The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leadsto pollution.

　　以上就是為大家?guī)?lái)的雅思考生常犯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，大家一定要是深入掌握，提升自己雅思語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)的能力。更多關(guān)于雅思語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)技巧，盡在滬江網(wǎng)，趕快關(guān)注吧。