考博英語(yǔ)閱讀理解若干篇篇章與問(wèn)題 5
來(lái)源：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
2009-10-04 00:00
C)?Extremely?necessary.?????????????????D)?Positive?and?negative.
30.?What?will?the?author?probably?discuss?in?the?paragraph?following?this?passage?
??????A)?The?rural?diversions?enjoyed?by?both?urban?and?rural?people.
??????B)?Leisure?activities?of?city?dwellers.
??????C)?Building?methods?of?the?early?settlers?in?rural?areas.
??????D)?Changes?in?lifestyles?of?settlers?as?they?moved?to?the?cities.
?
?Passage?7
???????For?me,?scientific?knowledge?is?divided?into?mathematical?sciences,?natural?sciences?or?sciences?dealing?with?the?natural?world?(physical?and?biological?sciences),?and?sciences?dealing?with?mankind?(psychology,?sociology,?all?the?sciences?of?cultural?achievements,?every?kind?of?historical?knowledge).?Apart?from?these?sciences?is?philosophy,?about?which?we?will?talk?later.?In?the?first?place,?all?this?is?pure?or?theoretical?knowledge?that?is?intrinsic?and?consubstautial?to?man.?What?distinguishes?man?from?animal?is?that?he?knows?and?needs?to?know.?If?man?did?not?know?that?the?world?existed,?and?that?the?world?was?of?a?certain?kind,?that?he?was?in?the?world?and?that?he?himself?was?of?a?certain?kind,?he?wouldn’t?be?a?man.?The?technical?aspects?or?applications?of?knowledge?are?equally?necessary?for?man?and?are?of?the?greatest?importance,?because?they?also?contribute?to?defining?him?as?man?and?permit?him?to?pursue?a?life?increasingly?more?truly?human.
?????But?even?while?enjoying?the?results?of?technical?progress,?he?must?defend?the?primacy?and?autonomy?of?pure?knowledge.?Knowledge?sought?directly?for?its?practical?applications?will?have?immediate?and?foreseeable?success,?but?not?the?kind?of?important?result?whose?revolutionary?scope?is?in?large?part?unforeseen,?except?by?the?imagination?of?the?Utopians.?Let?me?recall?a?we?N-known?example.?If?the?Greek?mathematicians?had?not?applied?themselves?to?the?investigation?of?conic?sections?zealously?and?without?the?least?suspicion?that?it?might?someday?be?useful,?it?would?not?have?been?possible?centuries?later?to?navigate?far?from?shore.?The?first?men?to?study?the?nature?of?electricity?could?not?imagine?that?their?experiments,?carried?on?because?of?mere?intellectual?curiosity,?would?eventually?lead?to?modern?electrical?technology,?without?which?we?can?scarcely?conceive?of?contemporary?life.?Pure?knowledge?is?valuable?for?its?own?sake,?be-cause?the?human?spirit?cannot?resign?itself?to?ignorance.?But,?in?addition,?the?foundation?for?practical?results?would?not?have?been?reached?if?this?knowledge?had?not?been?sought?disinterestedly.
30.?What?will?the?author?probably?discuss?in?the?paragraph?following?this?passage?
??????A)?The?rural?diversions?enjoyed?by?both?urban?and?rural?people.
??????B)?Leisure?activities?of?city?dwellers.
??????C)?Building?methods?of?the?early?settlers?in?rural?areas.
??????D)?Changes?in?lifestyles?of?settlers?as?they?moved?to?the?cities.
?
?Passage?7
???????For?me,?scientific?knowledge?is?divided?into?mathematical?sciences,?natural?sciences?or?sciences?dealing?with?the?natural?world?(physical?and?biological?sciences),?and?sciences?dealing?with?mankind?(psychology,?sociology,?all?the?sciences?of?cultural?achievements,?every?kind?of?historical?knowledge).?Apart?from?these?sciences?is?philosophy,?about?which?we?will?talk?later.?In?the?first?place,?all?this?is?pure?or?theoretical?knowledge?that?is?intrinsic?and?consubstautial?to?man.?What?distinguishes?man?from?animal?is?that?he?knows?and?needs?to?know.?If?man?did?not?know?that?the?world?existed,?and?that?the?world?was?of?a?certain?kind,?that?he?was?in?the?world?and?that?he?himself?was?of?a?certain?kind,?he?wouldn’t?be?a?man.?The?technical?aspects?or?applications?of?knowledge?are?equally?necessary?for?man?and?are?of?the?greatest?importance,?because?they?also?contribute?to?defining?him?as?man?and?permit?him?to?pursue?a?life?increasingly?more?truly?human.
?????But?even?while?enjoying?the?results?of?technical?progress,?he?must?defend?the?primacy?and?autonomy?of?pure?knowledge.?Knowledge?sought?directly?for?its?practical?applications?will?have?immediate?and?foreseeable?success,?but?not?the?kind?of?important?result?whose?revolutionary?scope?is?in?large?part?unforeseen,?except?by?the?imagination?of?the?Utopians.?Let?me?recall?a?we?N-known?example.?If?the?Greek?mathematicians?had?not?applied?themselves?to?the?investigation?of?conic?sections?zealously?and?without?the?least?suspicion?that?it?might?someday?be?useful,?it?would?not?have?been?possible?centuries?later?to?navigate?far?from?shore.?The?first?men?to?study?the?nature?of?electricity?could?not?imagine?that?their?experiments,?carried?on?because?of?mere?intellectual?curiosity,?would?eventually?lead?to?modern?electrical?technology,?without?which?we?can?scarcely?conceive?of?contemporary?life.?Pure?knowledge?is?valuable?for?its?own?sake,?be-cause?the?human?spirit?cannot?resign?itself?to?ignorance.?But,?in?addition,?the?foundation?for?practical?results?would?not?have?been?reached?if?this?knowledge?had?not?been?sought?disinterestedly.