高考英語動(dòng)詞復(fù)習(xí)備考語法大全
熱點(diǎn)五：動(dòng)詞語氣
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)（結(jié)構(gòu)中連詞、陳述句的時(shí)態(tài)和直接以動(dòng)詞開頭構(gòu)成的祈使句與非謂語動(dòng)詞的區(qū)別是熱點(diǎn)。）
[難點(diǎn)剖析] ①祈使句(動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語)+and\or +謂語，用將來時(shí)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的陳述句；
?、诜穸ńY(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：直接在祈使句前加Don’t\Never；
?、鄯匆庖蓡柧涞臉?gòu)成：以let’s…構(gòu)成的反意疑問句，用shall we提問；其余情況用will\ won’t you 提問。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
16. (03-24) —Sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean to …
—Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr. Parker,and _____ forget it!
A. do B. didn’t
C. did D. don’t
此題考查祈使句否定結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成，同時(shí)涉及時(shí)態(tài)。句末感嘆號(hào)很重要，據(jù)題意選D。
17.（04-22）Let’s keep to the point or we _____any decisions.
A. will never reach B. have never reached
C. never reach D. never reached
據(jù)難點(diǎn)剖析得知，陳述句用將來時(shí)，故選A。
[備考策略] 近三年沒有出現(xiàn)有關(guān)虛擬語氣的題目，以前出現(xiàn)if條件句中虛擬語氣的基本用法；牢固掌握上述難點(diǎn)剖析中的第一條。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
18.（滬04-44)— English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes. _____more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A. Know B. Knowing
C. To know D. Known
19.（鄂04-34） _____straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.
A. Go B. Going
C. If you go D. When going
Key A A
熱點(diǎn)六：系動(dòng)詞
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 系動(dòng)詞的基本用法；get+p.p。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] ①系動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞或名詞作表語，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，無進(jìn)行時(shí)。become后跟名詞作表語時(shí)，若名詞不表職位則保留冠詞；turn后不接冠詞。 ②seem\look\appear的區(qū)別；
?、踓ontinue\stay\last\keep\remain既可作動(dòng)詞又可作系動(dòng)詞，注意各自不同用法。
表一
單詞 意義區(qū)別 用法區(qū)別 相同點(diǎn)
appear 外表給人的印象，暗含事實(shí)并非如此 There appears to be; It appears that;Sb appears to do 后跟to be；均可跟as if\like
seem 判斷有一定依據(jù)，接近事實(shí) There seems to be; It seems that;Sb seems to do
look 視覺給人的印象 Sb looks to be
表二
單詞 特殊用法
last 表“夠用，足夠維持”講，用作系動(dòng)詞。如：The water supply should last another two days.作“延續(xù)、持續(xù)”講，后常接adv.\prep. 如：The hot weather will last for three days.；lasting
continue 延伸How far does the road continue? ；continue to do\doing; 繼續(xù)走、接著說We continued along the road for some time.；continued繼續(xù)地、連續(xù)地
remain 別人離開后繼續(xù)留在某地（指人或物）；It remains to be done有待于；It only remains for me to say\thank 我最后想說﹨感謝；remaining 剩余的；保存，留存Few of his works remain.
stay 人臨時(shí)性地留在某地，過訪或做客；stay to diner\for lunch；stay home
keep 經(jīng)營; 贍養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)，照顧；keep doing ；保鮮、食物不壞Eat the fish because it won’t keep till tomorrow.；慶祝，過（節(jié)日等）keep Christmas
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
20. （03-30）Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____fresh for several days.
A. be stayed B. stay
C. be staying D. have stayed
系動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故選B。
21. （04-28）Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to _____before the party.
A. get changed B. get change
C. get changing D. get to change
此題考查get +p.p 的用法。此結(jié)構(gòu)既可表被動(dòng)又可表狀態(tài)，故選A。
[備考策略] ①掌握常見系動(dòng)詞的基本用法，如：come true, go bad, fall ill, grow rich等；
?、诼?lián)系記憶turn \come out to be以及promise（表預(yù)示），make（表變?yōu)?，證明為，如：If you train hard, you will make a good teacher.)；consider\think\believe\suppose\etc.+ to be ，尤其是上述動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，務(wù)必注意to 后時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。
例 The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
22. (鄂04-30) On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____pale.
A. got B. changed
C. went D. appeared
23. (滬04-34) The flowers _____sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling
C. smelt D. to be smelt
Key C B
熱點(diǎn)七：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的用法；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)。
[難點(diǎn)剖析] must\can’t\shouldn’t\needn’t\ought to\etc.+ have done 的意義及用法；shall 用于二、三人稱表允諾，命令，警告，強(qiáng)制等；must, can, may表推測用法見下表。
表三
單詞 用法
must 用于肯定句中，肯定語氣最強(qiáng)。must not表“禁止”。
can 不用于肯定句中，肯定語氣次之。若用于肯定句中，表偶爾一時(shí)的特征。can’t表“不可能”。
may 用于肯定句中，肯定語氣最弱。may not表“可能不”。
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
24.(03-28) A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
A. should B. can
C. must D. will
此題考查can表可以、能夠的用法，故選B。
25.(04-29) — Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?
— No, it ____be him—I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
A. can’t B. must not
C. won’t D. may not
can’t 表不可能，語氣肯定，破折號(hào)加以注釋，據(jù)題意，選A。
[備考策略]①考生應(yīng)熟練掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞used to\would表過去常常的區(qū)別；can\may表許可的區(qū)別；should\ought to表應(yīng)該的區(qū)別；could\be able to表能力的區(qū)別。
②側(cè)重于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的用法和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
26. (遼04-29) —Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock. _____I go out and play with Tom for a while?
— No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now.
A. Can’t B. Wouldn’t
C. May not D. Won’t
27. (浙04-26) I ____pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.
A. should B. might
C. would D. could
Key A A
熱點(diǎn)八：非謂語動(dòng)詞
[熱點(diǎn)透視] 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語、定語和補(bǔ)語
[難點(diǎn)剖析] ①非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語：注意前后邏輯主語一致；結(jié)合省略對(duì)考生進(jìn)行綜合考查；區(qū)別祈使句式和并列結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)注標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，在解題時(shí)尤為關(guān)鍵。
?、诜侵^語動(dòng)詞作定語：不定式作定語表動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，與所修飾名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。若不定式邏輯主語同時(shí)也為句子主語，用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，反之用被動(dòng)(如：I’m leaving on business. Do you have anything to be taken there?)，另還需注意不及物動(dòng)詞加介詞；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作；過去分詞作定語表動(dòng)作完成，與所修飾名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
?、鄯侵^語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語：能后跟非謂語動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞數(shù)量有限，格外注意使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞；為增加試題的干擾性，將賓語和補(bǔ)語分離改作定語從句的先行詞(如：The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.)或?qū)⒆髻e補(bǔ)改作主補(bǔ)(如：The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.)；注意“with+ n.\pron.+補(bǔ)語”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
?、軇?dòng)詞不定式作狀語、定語時(shí)，注意避開定向思維的干擾。
例 Which do you enjoy to kill your spare time—watching TV or playing football?
?、菀蓡栐~+to do 的用法。
例 It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.
[考題盤點(diǎn)]
28. (02-34) The research is so designed that once ____nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
此題結(jié)合省略考查過去分詞的用法，完整的從句為once it was begun,故選D。
29. (03-22) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking
C. to smoke D. smoked
現(xiàn)在分詞作主補(bǔ)，是find+n.+doing sth的變形，故選B。
[備考策略] 明辨關(guān)系，看動(dòng)作進(jìn)展，充分考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，慎重選擇三種形式。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
30. (京04-29)_____in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
31. The disk, digitally ____in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
Key: C A