高中英語典型錯誤10例
誤:I've read the novel the third time.
正:I've read the novel a third time.
析:要表示數(shù)量或序數(shù)的增加, 在序數(shù)詞前用不定冠詞。又如:He saw a second plane. 他又看到了第二架飛機。
2. 他在公共汽車后面追,并追上了。
誤:He ran after the bus, and could catch it.
正:He ran after the bus, and was able to catch it.
析:表示過去特定情況下的能力,可用 was (were) able to 而不能用 could, 不過這種差異在否定句中便不存在了。 如:He ran after the bus but wasn't able to [couldn't] catch it.
3. 他接受過良好的教育。
誤:He accepted a good education.
正:He received a good education.
析:雖然在通常情況下,accept=接受,receive=收到,但并不是說漢語中所有的"接受"都可用 accept 來對譯。
4. 他做這事是偶然的,還是故意的?
誤:Did he do it on accident or by purpose?
正:Did he do it by accident or on purpose?
析:by accident 是習語,表示"偶然地";on purpose 也是習語,表示"故意地",注意兩者介詞的搭配不能混淆。
5. 你怎么解釋事故的原因?
誤:How can you account the accident?
正:How can you account for the accident?
析:account 用作動詞時,表示"認為",是及物動詞;表示"解釋""說明"等,是不及物動詞,若需后接賓語,通常借助介詞 for。
6. 不要杞人憂天。
誤:Don't across the bridge until you come to it.
正:Don't cross the bridge until you come to it.
正:Don't walk across the bridge until you come to it.
析:across 是介詞或副詞(不是動詞),cross 是動詞。,
7. 你要想賣掉你的產品,你就得為此登廣告。
誤:If you want to sell your product you must advertise for it.
正:If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.
析:advertise for sth (sb) 意為"登廣告征求或尋找某物或某人"(此時 advertise 是不及物動詞);若要表示"為......登廣告"或"登廣告宣傳......",advertise 是及物動詞,其后要直接跟被宣傳的東西作賓語。
8. 他建議我同他們一起去。
誤:He advised me going with them.
正:He advised me to go with them.
析:advise(建議)之后不能用不定式作賓語,但可接不定式的復合結構作賓語。注意這類句型的被動語態(tài):You would be well advised to stay indoors. 你最好呆在家里。
9. 氣候變化會影響你的健康。
誤:The change in climate will effect your health.
正:The change in climate will affect your health.
析:affect 和 effect 兩者都可以表示"影響",但用作此義時,affect 是動詞,而 effect 是名詞。雖然是動詞,而 effect有時也用作動詞,但它不表示"影響",而表示"實現(xiàn)""產生"等。
10. 這些方法適用于英語學習。
誤:These methods apply to learn English.
誤:These methods apply for learning English.
正:These methods apply to learning English.
析:apply 表示"適用",通常為不及物動詞,要表示"適用于......",通常用介詞 to,不用 for。另外,因 to 是介詞,所以其后接動詞時用動名詞。