小編導(dǎo)讀：2015年除了環(huán)境和能源的巨變，在世界首富蓋茨眼中可圈可點的大事件有哪些？

Africa Went a Year Without Any Polio
非洲沒有小兒麻痹癥滿一年

On July 24, Nigeria marked one full year without a single new case of locally acquired polio, the crippling and sometimes fatal disease. It is the last country in Africa to stop transmission of wild polio.
小兒麻痹癥是種嚴(yán)重的疾病，有時有致命危險，7月24日標(biāo)志著尼日利亞本土沒有爆出任何一例小兒麻痹癥病例滿一整年。尼日利亞是非洲最后一個野生脊髓灰質(zhì)炎停止傳播的國家。

Neil Tyson Made a Stunning Case for Science
奈爾·泰森的科學(xué)演講令人耳目一新

In April, the astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson accepted the National Academy of Science’s most prestigious award.Inspired by the short and eloquent Gettysburg Address, Dr. Tyson makes his case in just 272 words.
4月份，天體物理學(xué)家尼爾·德葛拉司·泰森接受美國國家科學(xué)院的最高榮譽獎項?！陡鸬姿贡さ难葜v》篇幅短小、表達有力，泰森受此啟發(fā)，僅用272個詞完成其演講。

Global Health Innovators Won the Nobel Prize
全球健康革新人士斬獲諾貝爾獎

William C. Campbell of the United States and Satoshi ōmura of Japan were honored for work that led to the drug Ivermectin, which is super effective at treating a wide range of diseases caused by parasitic worms. Tu Youyou of China was honored for developing Artemisinin, which is the centerpiece of treatments that have made malaria entirely treatable and save more than 100,000 lives every year.
美國威廉·C·坎貝爾和日本大村智的成果——伊維菌素對于治療由寄生蟲引起的眾多疾病非常有效。中國屠呦呦因研發(fā)了青蒿素而獲得殊榮，青蒿素能根治瘧疾、每年可以拯救十萬多條生命。

SAT Test Prep Is Now Free for Everyone
SAT備考指南如今人人免費

This past June, the company that created the SAT helped the Khan Academy launch a free online learning portal for any student who wants help getting ready for the SAT or PSAT.
今年6月，SAT的創(chuàng)始公司助可汗學(xué)院給SAT和PSAT應(yīng)考的學(xué)生開啟免費的在線學(xué)習(xí)門戶。

Mobile Banking Exceeds Our Optimistic Projections
移動銀行已超出樂觀預(yù)計

Mobile banking is one of the best tools for helping people lift themselves out of poverty. Kenya is a good example. Today 75 percent of adults there have accounts with a bank or mobile-money provider, up from only 42 percent in 2011. Other countries that are making huge strides include Brazil, Rwanda, Tanzania, Bangladesh, and India.
移動銀行是幫助人們擺脫貧困的最佳工具之一。肯尼亞便是一例。如今75%的成年人有銀行賬戶或者有人提供移動貨幣，而在2011年僅42%的人如此。其它大跨步前進的國家包括巴西、盧旺達、坦桑尼亞、孟加拉國和印度。

The Americas Have Eliminated Rubella
美洲地區(qū)已根除風(fēng)疹

Rubella, also known as German measles, leads to death or severe birth defects when women get the disease during pregnancy. In April, health officials declared the Americas the first region in the world to be free of endemic rubella, thanks to a massive, 15-year effort to vaccinate men, women, and children everywhere in the hemisphere.
風(fēng)疹又稱德國麻疹，女性孕期若得此疾病會引胎兒死亡和嚴(yán)重先天缺損。4月，衛(wèi)生官員稱，經(jīng)過長達15年的努力，在美洲半球各地廣泛給成年男女和孩童注射疫苗，美洲地區(qū)成為世界首個無流行性風(fēng)疹的地區(qū)。?

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